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WINCHESTER

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Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 707 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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WINCHESTER , an See also:

independent See also:city and the See also:county-seat of See also:Frederick county, See also:Virginia, U.S.A., 87 m. by See also:rail W.N.W. of See also:Washington. Pop. (1890) 5196; (1900) 5161, including rros negroes; (1910) 5864. Winchester is served by the See also:Baltimore & See also:Ohio and the See also:Cumberland Valley See also:railways. It is pleasantly situated in the fertile See also:Shenandoah Valley about 720 ft. above See also:sea-level. Fort See also:Loudoun See also:Seminary for girls occupies the site of old Fort Loudoun, and in the city is the Shenandoah Valley See also:Academy, a military school for boys. The Handley library (1910), a memorial to See also:John Handley, a See also:part of whose See also:estate was bequeathed to establish See also:industrial See also:schools for the poor of Winchester, and an auditorium are owned by the See also:municipality. The See also:United States See also:National Military See also:Cemetery at Winchester contains the See also:graves of 4480 See also:Union soldiers, 2382 of them unknown, and adjoining it is the Confederate Stonewall Cemetery, with about 8000 graves. The manufacture of gloves is the leading See also:industry; among the other manufactures are woollen and knit goods, See also:flour, See also:leather, See also:lumber, See also:paper and bricks. See also:Electricity, generated at the Shenandoah See also:river, is used for See also:power in many of the factories. A See also:settlement was established in this vicinity as See also:early as 1732. In 1752 the See also:present name was adopted and the See also:town was established by See also:act of the colonial legislature.

In 1756, during the Seven Years' See also:

War, See also:George Washington, in command of the provincial troops of Virginia, established his headquarters here and built Fort Loudoun. The town was incorporated in 1779. The Virginia See also:Gazette and Winchester Advertiser, the first See also:news-paper published in the Shenandoah Valley, was established here in 1787. In the See also:Civil War, Winchester, because of its position in the See also:lower Shenandoah Valley, played a See also:great part, and was several times the See also:scene of engagements between the Union and Confederate forces—in 1862, See also:Jackson's actions of Kerns-town and Winchester; in the See also:Gettysburg See also:campaign, the See also:capture of a Union See also:garrison by See also:Ewell (14-15 See also:June 1863); and in See also:Sheridan's campaign of 1864 the See also:battle of Winchester or Opequon (See also:Sept. 19, 1864), for all of which see SHENANDOAH VALLEY See also:CAMPAIGNS. Winchester was chartered as a city in 1852 and in 1906 the corporate limits were enlarged. See J. E See also:Norris (ed.), See also:History of the Lower Shenandoah Valley (See also:Chicago, 1890), and T. K. Cartmell, Shenandoah Valley Pioneers (Winchester, 1909).

End of Article: WINCHESTER

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