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BOUILLON , formerly the seat of a dukedom in the See also:Ardennes, now a small See also:town in the Belgian See also:province of See also:Luxemburg. Pop. (1904) 2721. It is most picturesquely situated in the valley under the rocky See also:ridge on which are still the very well preserved remains of the See also:castle of See also:Godfrey of Bouillon (q.v.), the See also:leader of the first crusade. The town, 690 ft. above the See also:sea, but lying in a See also:basin, skirts both See also:banks of the See also:river See also:Semois which is crossed by two See also:bridges. The stream forms a See also:loop See also:round and almost encircles the castle, from which there are beautiful views of the sinuous valley and the opposite well-wooded heights. The whole effect of the grim castle, the silvery stream and the verdant See also:woods makes one of the most striking scenes in See also:Belgium. In the 8th and 9th centuries Bouillon was one of the castles of the See also:counts of Ardenne and Bouillon. In the loth and I Ith centuries the See also:family took the higher titles of See also:dukes of See also:Lower See also:Lorraine and Bouillon. These dukes all See also:bore the name of Godfrey (See also:Godefroy) and the fifth of them was the See also:great crusader. He was the son of Eustace, See also:count of See also:Boulogne, which has led many commentators into the See also:error of saying that Godfrey of Bouillon was See also:born at the See also:French See also:port, whereas he was really born in the castle of Baisy near Genappe and See also:Waterloo. His See also:mother was See also:Ida d'Ardenne, See also:sister of the See also:fourth Godfrey (" the Hunchback "), and the successful See also:defence of the castle when a See also:mere youth of seventeen on her behalf was the first feat of arms of the future conqueror of See also:Jerusalem.
This See also:medieval fortress, strong by
See also:art as well as position before the invention of See also:modern See also:artillery, has since undergone numerous sieges. In See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order to undertake the crusade Godfrey sold the castle of Bouillon to the See also:prince See also:bishop of See also:Liege, and the See also:title of See also:duke of Bouillon remained the appendage of the bishopric till 1678,. or for 58o years. The bishops appointed " chatelains," one of whom was the celebrated " See also:Wild See also:Boar of the Ardennes," See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William de la Marck. His descendants made themselves quasi-See also:independent and called themselves princes of See also:Sedan and dukes of Bouillon, and they were even recognized by the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:France. The See also:possession of Bouillon thenceforward became a See also:constant cause of strife
until in 1678 See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis XIV. garrisoned it under the treaty of
See also:Nijmwegen. From 1594 to 1641 the duchy remained vested
in the French family of La Tour d'See also:Auvergne, one of whom (See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry, See also:viscount of See also:Turenne and See also:marshal of France) had married in 1591 See also:Charlotte de la Marck, the last of her See also:race. In 1676 the duke of See also:Crequy seized it in the name of Louis XIV., who in 1678 gave it to Godefroy See also:Marie de La Tour d'Auvergne, whose descendants continued in possession till 1795. Bouillon remained French till 1814, and See also:Vauban called it " the See also:key of the Ardennes." In 176o the See also:elder See also:Rousseau established here the famous See also:press of the Encyclopaedists. In 1814-1815, before the decrees of the See also:Vienna See also:Congress were known, an extra-See also:ordinary See also:attempt was made by Philippe d'Auvergne of the See also:British See also:navy, the See also:cousin and adopted son of the last duke, to revive the See also:ancient duchy of Bouillon. The See also:people of Bouillon freely recognized him, and Louis XVIII. was well pleased with the arrangement, but the congress assigned Bouillon to the See also:Netherlands. See also:Napoleon III. on his way to See also:Germany after Sedan slept one See also:night in the little town, which is a convenient centre for visiting that battlefield.
End of Article: BOUILLON
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