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See also:GAMBIER, See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
JAMES GAMBIER, See also:BARON (1756-1833) , See also:English See also:admiral, was See also:born on the 13th of See also:October 1756 at the See also:Bahamas, of which his See also:father, See also:John Gambier, was at that See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time See also:lieutenant-See also:governor. He entered the See also:navy in 1767 as a See also:midshipman on See also:board the " See also:Yarmouth," under the command of his See also:uncle; and, his See also:family See also:interest obtaining for him rapid promotion, he was raised in 1778 to the See also:rank of See also:post-See also:captain, and appointed to the " See also:Raleigh," a See also:fine 32-See also:gun See also:frigate. At the See also:peace of 1783 he was placed on See also:half-pay; but, on the outbreak of the See also:war of the See also:French Revolution, he was appointed to the command of the 74-gun See also:ship " See also:Defence," under See also:Lord See also:Howe; and in her he had an See also:honourable See also:share in the See also:battle on the 1st of See also:June 1794. In recognition of his services on this occasion, Captain Gambier received the See also:gold See also:medal, and was made a See also:colonel of See also:marines; the following See also:year he was advanced to the rank of See also:rear-admiral, and appointed one of the lords of the See also:admiralty. In this See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office he continued for six years, till, in See also:February 18oi, he, a See also:vice-admiral of 1799, hoisted his See also:flag on board the " See also:Neptune," of 98 guns, as third in command of the Channel See also:Fleet under Admiral See also:Cornwallis, where, however, he remained for but a year, when he was appointed governor of See also:Newfoundland and See also:commander-in-See also:chief of the See also:ships on that station. In May 1804 he returned to the admiralty, and with a See also:short intermission in 18o6, continued there during the See also:naval See also:administration of Lord See also:Melville, of his uncle, Lord See also:Barham, and of Lord See also:Mulgrave. In See also:November 18o5 he was raised to the rank of admiral; and in the summer of 1807, whilst still a lord of the admiralty, he was appointed to the command of the fleet ordered to the Baltic, which, in See also:concert with the See also:army under Lord See also:Cathcart, reduced See also:Copenhagen, and enforced the surrender of the Danish navy, consisting of nineteen ships of the See also:line, besides frigates, sloops, gunboats, and naval stores. This service was considered by the See also:government as worthy of See also:special See also:acknowledgment; the naval and military commanders, See also:officers, See also:seamen and soldiers received the thanks of both Houses of See also:Parliament, and Admiral Gambier was rewarded with a See also:peerage.
In the See also:spring of the following year he gave up his seat at the admiralty on being appointed to the command of the Channel Fleet; and in that capacity he witnessed the partial, and pre-vented the See also:total, destruction of the French fleet in Basque Roads, on the 12th of See also:April 1809. It is in connexion with this event, which might have been as memorable in the See also:history of the See also:British navy as it is in the See also:life of Lord See also:Dundonald (see DUNDONALD), that Lord Gambier's name is now best known. A See also:court-See also:martial, assembled by See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order of a friendly admiralty, and presided over by a warm See also:partisan, " most honourably acquitted " him on the See also:charge " that, on the 12th of April, the enemy's ships being then on See also:fire, and the See also:signal having been made that they could be destroyed, he did, for a considerable time, neglect or delay taking effectual See also:measures for destroying them "; but this decision was in reality nothing more than a party statement of the fact that a commander-in-chief, a supporter of the government, is not to be condemned or broken for not being a See also:person of brilliant See also:genius br dauntless See also:resolution. No one now doubts that the French fleet should have been reduced to ashes, and might have been, had Lord Gambier had the talents, the See also:energy, or the experience of many of his juniors. He continued to hold the command of the Channel Fleet for the full See also:period of three years, at the end of which time—in i811—he was superseded. In 1814 he acted in a See also:civil capacity as chief See also:commissioner for negotiating a treaty of peacewith the See also:United States; for his exertions in which business he was honoured with the See also:Grand See also:Cross of the See also:Bath. In 183o he was raised to the high rank of admiral of the fleet, and he died on the 19th of April 1833.
Lord Gambier was a See also:man of See also:earnest, almost morbid, religious principle, and of undoubted courage; but the administration of the admiralty has seldom given rise to such flagrant scandals as during the time when he was a member of it; and through the whole war the self-esteem of the navy suffered no such See also:wound as during Lord Gambier's command in the See also:Bay of See also:Biscay.
The so-called Memorials, See also:Personal and See also:Historical, of Admiral Lord Gambier, by See also:Lady See also:Chatterton (1861), has no historical value. The life of Lord Gambier is to be read in See also:Marshall's Royal Naval See also:Biography, in Ralfe's Naval Biography, in Lord Dundonald's Auto-biography of a See also:Seaman, in the Minutes of the Courts-Martial and in the See also:general history of the period.
End of Article: GAMBIER, JAMES GAMBIER, BARON (1756-1833)
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