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GUSTAVUS IV . (1778–1837), See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:Sweden, the son of Gustavus III. and See also:Queen See also:Sophia Magdalena, was See also:born at Stock-holm on the 1st of See also:November 1778. Carefully educated under the direction of Nils von Rosenstein, he See also:grew up serious and, conscientious. In See also:August 1796 his See also:uncle the See also:regent See also:Charles, See also:duke of Sudermania, visited St See also:Petersburg for the purpose of arranging a See also:marriage between the See also:young king and See also:Catherine II.'s See also:grand-daughter, the grand-duchess Alexandra. The See also:betrothal was actually fixed for the 22nd of See also:September, when the whole arrangement foundered on the obstinate refusal of Gustavus to allow his destined See also:- BRIDE (a common Teutonic word, e.g..Goth. bruths, O. Eng. bryd, O. H. Ger. prs2t, Mod. Ger. Bract, Dut. bruid, possibly derived from the root bru-, cook, brew; from the med. latinized form bruta, in the sense of daughter-in-law, is derived the Fr. bru)
bride See also:liberty of See also:worship according to the See also:rites of the See also:Greek Orthodox See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
Church—a rebuff which undoubtedly accelerated the See also:death of the See also:Russian empress. Nobody seems to have even suspected at the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time that serious See also:mental derangement See also:lay at the See also:root of Gustavus's abnormal piety. On the contrary, there were many who prematurely congratulated themselves on the fact that Sweden had now no disturbing See also:genius, but an economical, See also:God-fearing, See also:commonplace monarch to See also:deal with. Gustavus's prompt dismissal of the generally detested Gustaf See also:Reuterholm added still further to his popularity. On the 31st of See also:October 1797 Gustavus married Frederica Dorothea, daughter of Charles See also:Frederick, grand-duke of See also:Baden, a marriage which might have led to a See also:war with See also:Russia but for the fanatical hatred of the See also:French See also:republic shared by the See also:emperor See also:Paul and Gustavus IV., which served as a See also:bond of See also:union between them. Indeed the king's horror of Jacobinism was morbid in its intensity, and drove him to adopt all sorts of reactionary See also:measures and to postpone his See also:coronation for some years, so as to avoid calling together a See also:diet; but the disorder of the finances, caused partly by the See also:continental war and partly by the almost See also:total failure of the crops in 1798 and 1799, compelled him to summon the estates to See also:Norrkoping in See also:March 1800, and on the 3rd of See also:April Gustavus was crowned. The notable See also:change which now took See also:place in Sweden's See also:foreign policy and its fatal consequences to the See also:country are else-where set forth (see SWEDEN, See also:History). By the end of 18o8 it was obvious to every thinking Swede that the king was insane. His violence had alienated his most faithful supporters, while his obstinate incompetence paralysed the See also:national efforts. To remove a madman by force was the one remaining expedient; and this was successfully accomplished by a See also:conspiracy of See also:officers of the western See also:army, headed by Adlersparre, the Anckarsvards, and Adlercreutz, who marched rapidly from Skane to See also:Stockholm. On the 13th of March 18o9 seven of the conspirators See also:broke into the royal apartments in the See also:palace unannounced, seized the king, and conducted him to the See also:chateau of Gripsholm; Duke Charles was easily persuaded to accept the leadership of a provisional See also:government, which was proclaimed the same See also:day; and a diet, hastily summoned, solemnly approved of the revolution. On the 29th of March Gustavus, in See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order to See also:save the See also:crown for his son, voluntarily abdicated; but on the loth of May the estates, dominated by the army, declared that not merely Gustavus but his whole See also:family had forfeited the See also:throne. On the 5th of See also:June the duke regent was proclaimed king under the See also:title of Charles XIII., after accepting the new liberal constitution, which was ratified by the diet the same day. In See also:December Gustavus and his family were transported to See also:Germany. Gustavus now assumed the title of See also:count of Gottorp, but subsequently called himself See also:Colonel Gustafsson, under which See also:pseudonym he wrote most of his See also:works. He led, separated from his family, an erratic See also:life for some years; was divorced from his See also:consort in 1812; and finally settled at St See also:Gall in See also:Switzerland in See also:great loneliness and indigence. He died on the 7th of See also:February 1837, and, at the See also:suggestion of King Oscar II. his See also:body was brought to Sweden and interred in the Riddarholmskyrka. From him descend both the Baden and the See also:Oldenburg princely houses on the See also:female See also:side.
See H. G. See also:Trolle-Wachtmeister, Anteckningar och minnen (Stock-holm, 1889); B. von See also:Beskow, Lefnadsminnen (Stockholm, 187o); K. V. See also:Key-Aberg, De diplomatiska forbindelserna mellan Sverige och Storbrittannien under Gustaf I V.'s Krig emot See also:Napoleon (See also:Upsala, 189o) ; Colonel Gustafsson, La Journee du treize See also:mars, &c. (St Gall, 1835) ; Memorial See also:des Obersten Gustafsson (See also:Leipzig, 1829). (R. N.
End of Article: GUSTAVUS IV
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