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See also:KALEWALA, or KALEVALA , the name of the Finnish See also:national epos. It takes. its name from the three sons of Kalewa (or See also:Finland), viz. the See also:ancient Wainamoinen, the inventor of the sacred See also:harp Kantele; the cunning See also:art-See also:- SMITH
- SMITH, ADAM (1723–1790)
- SMITH, ALEXANDER (183o-1867)
- SMITH, ANDREW JACKSON (1815-1897)
- SMITH, CHARLES EMORY (1842–1908)
- SMITH, CHARLES FERGUSON (1807–1862)
- SMITH, CHARLOTTE (1749-1806)
- SMITH, COLVIN (1795—1875)
- SMITH, EDMUND KIRBY (1824-1893)
- SMITH, G
- SMITH, GEORGE (1789-1846)
- SMITH, GEORGE (184o-1876)
- SMITH, GEORGE ADAM (1856- )
- SMITH, GERRIT (1797–1874)
- SMITH, GOLDWIN (1823-191o)
- SMITH, HENRY BOYNTON (1815-1877)
- SMITH, HENRY JOHN STEPHEN (1826-1883)
- SMITH, HENRY PRESERVED (1847– )
- SMITH, JAMES (1775–1839)
- SMITH, JOHN (1579-1631)
- SMITH, JOHN RAPHAEL (1752–1812)
- SMITH, JOSEPH, JR
- SMITH, MORGAN LEWIS (1822–1874)
- SMITH, RICHARD BAIRD (1818-1861)
- SMITH, ROBERT (1689-1768)
- SMITH, SIR HENRY GEORGE WAKELYN
- SMITH, SIR THOMAS (1513-1577)
- SMITH, SIR WILLIAM (1813-1893)
- SMITH, SIR WILLIAM SIDNEY (1764-1840)
- SMITH, SYDNEY (1771-1845)
- SMITH, THOMAS SOUTHWOOD (1788-1861)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (1769-1839)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (c. 1730-1819)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (fl. 1596)
- SMITH, WILLIAM FARRAR (1824—1903)
- SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1808—1872)
- SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1825—1891)
- SMITH, WILLIAM ROBERTSON (1846-'894)
smith, Ilmarinen; and the gallant Lemminkainen, who is a sort of See also:Arctic See also:Don Juan. The adventures of these three heroes are See also:wound about a See also:plot for securing in See also:marriage the See also:hand of the daughter of Louhi, a See also:hero from Pohjola, a See also:land of the See also:cold See also:north. Ilmarinen is set to construct a magic See also:- MILL
- MILL (O. Eng. mylen, later myln, or miln, adapted from the late Lat. molina, cf. Fr. moulin, from Lat. mola, a mill, molere, to grind; from the same root, mol, is derived " meal;" the word appears in other Teutonic languages, cf. Du. molen, Ger. muhle)
- MILL, JAMES (1773-1836)
- MILL, JOHN (c. 1645–1707)
- MILL, JOHN STUART (1806-1873)
mill, the Sanpo, which grinds out See also:meal, See also:salt and See also:gold, and as this has fallen into the hands of the folk of Pohjola, it is needful to recover it. The poem actually opens, however, with a very poetical theory of the origin of the See also:world. The virgin daughter of the See also:atmosphere, Luonnotar, wanders for seven See also:hundred years in space, until she bethinks her to invoke Ukko, the See also:northern See also:Zeus, who sends his See also:eagle to her; this See also:bird makes its See also:nest on the knees of Luonnotar and See also:lays in it seven eggs. Out of the substance of these eggs the visible world is made. But it is empty and sterile until Wainamoinen descendsupon it and woos the exquisite Aino. She disappears into space, and it is to recover from his loss and to find another See also:- BRIDE (a common Teutonic word, e.g..Goth. bruths, O. Eng. bryd, O. H. Ger. prs2t, Mod. Ger. Bract, Dut. bruid, possibly derived from the root bru-, cook, brew; from the med. latinized form bruta, in the sense of daughter-in-law, is derived the Fr. bru)
bride that Wainamoinen makes his See also:series of epical adventures in the See also:dismal See also:country of Pohjola. Various episodes of See also:great strangeness and beauty accompany the lengthy See also:recital of the struggle to acquire the magical Sanpo, which gives prosperity to whoever possesses it. In the midst of a See also:battle the Sanpo is broken and falls into the See also:sea, but one fragment floats on the waves, and, being stranded on the shores of Finland, secures eternal felicity for that country. At the very See also:close of the poem a virgin, Mariatta, brings forth a See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king who drives Wainamoinen out of the country, and this is understood to refer to the ultimate See also:conquest of Paganism by See also:Christianity.
The Kalewala was probably composed at various times and by various bards, but always in sympathy with the latent traditions of the Finnish See also:race, and with a mixture of symbolism and See also:realism exactly accordant with the instincts of that race. While in the other See also:antique epics of the world bloodshed takes a predominant See also:place, the Kalewala is characteristically See also:gentle, lyrical and even domestic, dwelling at great length on situations of moral beauty and romantic pathos. It is entirely concerned with the folk-See also:lore and the traditions of the primeval Finnish race. The poem is written in eight-syllabled See also:trochaic See also:verse, and an See also:idea of its See also:style may be obtained from See also:Longfellow's See also:Hiawatha, which is a See also:pretty true See also:imitation of the Finnish epic.
Until the 19th See also:century the Kalewala existed only in fragments in the memories and on the lips of the peasants. A collection of a few of these scattered songs was published in 1822 by Dr Zacharius See also:Topelius, but it was not until 1835 that anything like a See also:complete and systematically arranged collection was given to the world by Dr See also:Elias See also:LOnnrot. For years Dr Lonnrot wandered from place to place in the most remote districts, living with the peasantry, and taking down from their lips all that they knew of their popular songs. Some of the most valuable were discovered in the governments of See also:Archangel and Olonetz. After unwearied See also:diligence Lonnrot was successful in See also:collecting 12,000 lines. These he arranged as methodically as he could into See also:thirty-two See also:runes or cantos, which he published exactly as he heard them sung or chanted. Continuing his re-searches, Dr LSnnrot published in 1849 a new edition of 22,793 verses in fifty runes. A still more complete See also:text was published by A. V. Forsman in 1887. The importance of this indigenous epic was at once recognized in See also:Europe, and See also:translations were made into See also:Swedish, See also:German and See also:French. Several translations into See also:English exist, the fullest being that by J. M. See also:Crawford in i888. The best See also:foreign See also:editions are those of See also:Castren in Swedish (1844), Leouzon le Duc in French (1845 and 1868), See also:Schiefner in German (1852). (E.
End of Article: KALEWALA, or KALEVALA
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