|
See also:LANNES, See also:JEAN , See also:duke of Montebello (1769-18o9), See also:marshal of See also:France, was See also:born at See also:Lectoure (See also:Gers) on the 'ith of See also:April 1769. He was the son of a See also:livery stables keeper, and was apprenticed to a See also:dyer. He had had little See also:education, but his See also:great strength and proficiency in all manly See also:sports caused him in 1792 to be elected sergeant-See also:major of the See also:battalion of See also:volunteers of Gers, which he had joined on the breaking out of See also:war between See also:Spain and the See also:French See also:republic. He served through the See also:campaigns in the See also:Pyrenees in 1793 and 1794, and See also:rose by distinguished
conduct to the See also:rank of chef de See also:brigade. However, in 1795, on the reform of the See also:army introduced by the Thermidorians, he was dismissed from his rank. He re-enlisted as a See also:simple volunteer in the army of See also:Italy, and in the famous See also:campaign of 1796 he again fought his way up to high rank, being eventually made a See also:general of brigade by See also:Bonaparte. He was distinguished in every See also:battle, and was wounded at See also:Arcola. He was chosen by Bonaparte to accompany him to See also:Egypt as See also:commander of one of Kleber's brigades, in which capacity he greatly distinguished himself, especially on the See also:retreat from See also:Syria. He went with Bonaparte to France, assisted at the 18th See also:Brumaire, and was appointed general of See also:division, and commandant of the consular guard. He commanded the advanced guard in the See also:crossing of the See also:Alps in 'Soo, was instrumental in winning the battle of Montebello, from which he afterwards took his See also:title, and See also:bore the brunt of the battle of See also:Marengo. In 1801 See also:Napoleon sent him as See also:ambassador to See also:Portugal. Opinions differ as to his merits in this capacity; Napoleon never made such use of him again. On the See also:establishment of the See also:empire he was created a marshal of France, and commanded once more the advanced guard of a great French army in the campaign of See also:Austerlitz. At Austerlitz he had the See also:left of the See also:Grand Army. In the 1806—07 campaign he was at his best, commanding his See also:corps with the greatest See also:credit in the See also:march through the Thuringian See also:Forest, the See also:action of See also:Saalfeld (which is studied as a See also:model to-See also:day at the French See also:Staff See also:College) and the battle of See also:Jena. His leadership of the advanced guard at See also:Friedland was even more conspicuous. He was now to be tried as a commander-in-See also:chief, for Napoleon took him to Spain in 1808, and gave him a detached wing of the army, with which he won a victory over Castanos at See also:Tudela on See also:November 22. In See also:January r80g he was sent to See also:attempt the See also:capture of See also:Saragossa, and by See also:February 21, after one of the most stubborn defences in See also:history, was in See also:possession of the See also:place. Napoleon then created him due de Montebello, and in 18og, for the last See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time, gave him command of the advanced guard. He took See also:part in the engagements around Eckmtihl and the advance on See also:Vienna. With his corps he led 'the French army across the See also:Danube, and bore the brunt, with See also:Massena, of the terrible battle of Aspern-Essling (q.v.). On the 22nd of May he had to retreat. During-the retreat Lannes exposed himself as usual to the hottest See also:fire, and received a mortal See also:wound, to which he succumbed at Vienna on the 31st of May. As he was being carried from the See also:- FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
- FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
- FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
- FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
- FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
- FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
- FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
- FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
- FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
- FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
- FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)
field to Vienna he met the See also:emperor hurrying to the front. It was reported that the dying See also:man reproached Napoleon for his ambition, but this rests on little See also:evidence See also:save the fact that Lannes was the most See also:blunt • and outspoken of all Napoleon's marshals. He was one of the few men for whom the emperor See also:felt a real and deep See also:affection, and at this their last See also:- MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)
meeting Napoleon gave way to a passionate burst of grief, even in the midst of the battle. His eldest son was made a peer of France by See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis ;;VIII.
Lannes ranks with See also:Davout and Massena as the ablest of all Napoleon's marshals, and consciously or unconsciously was the best exponent of the emperor's method of making war. Hence his See also:constant employment in tasks requiring the utmost See also:resolution and daring, and more especially when the emperor's combinations depended upon the vigour and self-See also:sacrifice of a detachment or fraction of the army. It was thus with Lannes at Friedland and at Aspern as it was with Davout at Austerlitz and Auerstadt, and Napoleon's estimate of his subordinates' capacities can almost exactly be judged by the frequency with which he used them to prepare the way for his own shattering See also:blow. Routine generals with the usual military virtue, or careful and exact See also:troop leaders like See also:Soult and See also:Macdonald, Napoleon kept under his own See also:hand for the final See also:assault which he himself launched, but the See also:long See also:hours of preparatory fighting against odds of two to one, which alone made the final blow possible, he en-trusted only to men of extraordinary courage and high capacity for command. In his own words, he found Lannes a pigmy, and lost him a See also:giant. Lannes's place in his affections was never filled.
See R. Perin, See also:Vie militaire de Jean Lannes (See also:Paris, 1809).
End of Article: LANNES, JEAN
Additional information and Comments
There are no comments yet for this article.
Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML.
Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.
Links to articles and home page are always encouraged.
|
del.icio.us it!