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MACNAGHTEN, SIR WILLIAM HAY, BART

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Originally appearing in Volume V17, Page 265 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MACNAGHTEN, See also:SIR See also:WILLIAM See also:HAY, See also:BART . (1793-1841), Anglo-See also:Indian diplomatist, was the second son of Sir See also:Francis Macnaghten, Bart., See also:judge of the supreme courts of See also:Madras and See also:Calcutta. He was See also:born in See also:August 1793, and educated at See also:Charter-See also:house. He went out to Madras as a See also:cadet in 1809, but was appointed in 1816 to the See also:Bengal See also:Civil Service. He See also:early displayed a See also:great See also:talent for See also:languages, and also published several See also:treatises on See also:Hindu and See also:Mahommedan See also:law. His See also:political career began in 1830 as secretary to See also:Lord William See also:Bentinck; and in 1837 he became one of the most trusted advisers of the See also:governor-See also:general, Lord See also:Auckland, with whose policy of supporting Shah Shuja against Dost Mahommed, the reigning See also:amir of See also:Kabul, Macnaghten was closely identified. As political See also:agent at Kabul he came into conflict with the military authorities and subsequently with his subordinate Sir See also:Alexander See also:Burnes. Macnaghten attempted to placate the Afghan chiefs with heavy subsidies, but when the drain on the Indian See also:exchequer became too great, and the allowances were reduced, this policy led to an outbreak. Burnes was murdered on the 2nd of See also:November 1841; and owing to the incapacity of the aged General See also:Elphinstone the See also:British See also:army in Kabul degenerated into a leaderless See also:mob. Macnaghten tried to See also:save the situation by negotiating with the Afghan chiefs and, independently of them, with Dost Mahommed's son, See also:Akbar See also:Khan, by whom he was assassinated on the 23rd of See also:December 1841; the disastrous See also:retreat from Kabul and the See also:massacre of the British army in the Kurd Kabul pass followed. These events threw doubt on Macnaghten's capacity for dealing with the problems of Indian See also:diplomacy, though his fearlessness and integrity were unquestioned. He had been created a See also:baronet in 1840, and four months before his See also:death was nominated to the governorship of Bombay.

MAcNALLY, LEONARD (1752–1820), Irish informer, was born in See also:

Dublin, the son of a See also:merchant. In 1776 he was called to the Irish, and in 1783 to the See also:English See also:bar. He supported himself for some See also:time in See also:London by See also:writing plays and editing the Public See also:Ledger. Returning to Dublin, he entered upon a systematic course of informing against the members of the revolutionary party, for whom his house had become the resort. He also betrayed to the See also:government prosecutors political clients whom he defended eloquently in the courts. He made a See also:fine See also:defence for See also:Robert See also:Emmet and cheered him in his last See also:hours, although before appearing in See also:court he had sold, for 200, the contents of his brief to the lawyers for the See also:Crown. After living a professed See also:Protestant all his See also:life, he received See also:absolution on his deathbed from a See also:Roman See also:Catholic See also:priest. He died on the 13th of See also:February 1820.

End of Article: MACNAGHTEN, SIR WILLIAM HAY, BART

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