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ELPHINSTONE, WILLIAM (1431-1514)

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Originally appearing in Volume V09, Page 299 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ELPHINSTONE, See also:WILLIAM (1431-1514) , Scottish statesman and See also:prelate, founder of the university of See also:Aberdeen, was See also:born in See also:Glasgow, and educated at the university of his native See also:city, taking the degree of M.A. in 1452. After practising for a See also:short See also:time as a lawyer in the See also:church courts, he was ordained See also:priest, becoming See also:rector of St See also:Michael's church, Trongate, Glasgow, in 1465. Four years later he went to continue his studies at the university of See also:Paris, where he became reader in See also:canon See also:law, and then, proceeding to See also:Orleans, became lecturer in the university there. Before 1474 he had returned to See also:Scotland, and was made rector of the university, and See also:official of the see of Glasgow. Further promotion followed, but soon more important duties were entrusted to Elphinstone, who was made See also:bishop of See also:Ross in 1481. He was a member of the Scots See also:parliament, and was sent by See also:King See also:James III. on See also:diplomatic errands to See also:Louis XI. of See also:France, and to See also:Edward IV. of See also:England; in 1483 he was appointed bishop of Aberdeen, although his See also:consecration was delayed for four years; and he was sent on See also:missions to England, both before and after the See also:death of See also:Richard III. in 1485. Although he attended the meetings of parliament with See also:great regularity he did not neglect his episcopal duties, and the fabric of the See also:cathedral of Aberdeen owes much to his care. See also:Early in 1488 the bishop was made See also:lord high See also:chancellor, but on the king's death in the following See also:June he vacated this See also:office, and retired to Aberdeen. As a diplomatist of repute, however, his services were quickly required by the new king, James IV., in whose interests he visited the See also:kings of England and France, and the See also:German king, See also:Maximilian I. Having been made keeper of the privy See also:seal in 1492, and having arranged a dispute between the Scotch and the Dutch, the bishop's concluding years were mainly spent in the See also:foundation of the university of Aberdeen. The papal See also:bull for this purpose was obtained in 1494, and the royal See also:charter which made old Aberdeen the seat of a university is dated 1498. A small endowment was provided by the king, and the university, modelled on that of Paris and intended principally to be a school of law, soon became the most famous and popular of the Scots seats of learning, a result which was largely due to the wide experience and ripe See also:wisdom of Elphinstone and of his friend, See also:Hector See also:Boece, the first rector.

The See also:

building of the See also:college of the See also:Holy Virgin in Nativity, now King's College, was completed in 1506, and the bishop also rebuilt the See also:choir of his cathedral, and built a See also:bridge over the See also:Dee. Continuing toparticipate in public affairs he opposed the policy of hostility towards England which led to the disaster at See also:Flodden in See also:September 1513, and died in See also:Edinburgh on the 25th of See also:October 1514. Elphinstone was partly responsible for the introduction of See also:printing into Scotland, and for the See also:production of the Breviarium Aberdonense. He may have written some of the lives in this collection, and gathered together materials concerning the See also:history of Scotland; but he did not, as some have thought, continue the Scotichronicon, nor did he write the Lives of Scottish See also:Saints. See Hector Boece, Murthlacensium et Aberdonensium episcoporum vitae, edited and translated by J. See also:Moir (Aberdeen, 1894) ; See also:Fasti Aberdonenses, edited by C. Innes (Aberdeen, 1854) ; and A. Gardyne, See also:Theatre of Scottish Worthies and Lyf of W. Elphinston, edited by D. See also:Laing (Aberdeen, 1878). EL See also:RENO, a city and the See also:county-seat of See also:Canadian county, See also:Oklahoma, U.S.A., on the N. See also:fork of the Canadian See also:river, about 26 m. W. of Oklahoma City.

Pop. (189o) 285; (1900) 3383; (1907) 5370 (401 were of See also:

negro descent and 7 were See also:Indians); (1910) 7872. It is served by the See also:Chicago, See also:Rock See also:Island & Pacific, the See also:Choctaw, Oklahoma & Gulf (owned by the Chicago, Rock Island & Pacific), and the St Louis, El Reno & Western See also:railways, the last extending from El Reno to See also:Guthrie. El Reno lies on the See also:rolling See also:prairie lands, about 136o ft. above the See also:sea, in an See also:Indian See also:corn, See also:wheat, oats and See also:cotton-producing and dairying region, and has a large See also:grain elevator, a cotton compress, and various manufacturing establishments, among the products being See also:flour, canned goods and crockery. El Reno has a See also:Carnegie library, and within the city's limits is See also:Bellamy's See also:Lake (18o acres), a favourite resort. Near the city is a See also:Government boarding school for the Indians of the See also:Cheyenne and the Arapahoe See also:Reservation. Fort Reno, a U.S. military See also:post, was established near El Reno in 1876, and in 1908 became a See also:supply See also:depot of the quartermaster's See also:department under the name of " Fort Reno Remount Depot." The first See also:settlement here, apart from the fort, was made in the autumn of 1889; in 1892 El Reno received a city charter.

End of Article: ELPHINSTONE, WILLIAM (1431-1514)

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