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MULTAN, or MOOLTAN

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Originally appearing in Volume V18, Page 966 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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MULTAN, or MOOLTAN , a See also:city, See also:district and See also:division of See also:British See also:India, in the See also:Punjab. The city is 4 M. from the See also:left See also:bank of the See also:Chenab, near the See also:ancient confluence of the See also:Ravi with that See also:river. It has a station on the See also:North-Western railway. Pop. (1901), 87,394. The city is enclosed on three sides by a See also:wall, but open towards the See also:south, where the dry See also:bed of the old Ravi intervenes between the houses and citadel. Large and irregular suburbs have grown up outside the wall since the See also:annexation in 1849. Within the city proper, narrow and tortuous streets, often ending in culs de See also:sac, fill almost the whole space; but one broad See also:bazaar runs from end to end. The See also:principal buildings include the shrines of two See also:Mahommedan See also:saints and the remains of an ancient See also:Hindu See also:temple. The cantonments See also:form the See also:head-quarters of a See also:brigade in the 3rd division of the See also:northern See also:army. Multan has manufactures of carpets, See also:silk and See also:cotton goods, shoes, glazed pottery and See also:enamel See also:work, and an See also:annual See also:horse See also:fair. It is moreover one of the most important See also:trade-centres in the Punjab.

It is a station of the See also:

Church Missionary Society. The DISTRICT .OF MULTAN occupies the See also:lower See also:angle of the See also:Bari See also:Doab, or See also:tract between the See also:Sutlej and the Chenab, with an See also:extension across the Ravi. See also:Area, 6107 sq. m. The See also:population in 1901 was 710,626, showing an increase of 11.7% in the pre-ceding See also:decade, due to the extension of See also:irrigation. The principal crops are See also:wheat, millets, See also:pulse, oilsseeds, cotton and See also:indigo. There are factories for ginning and pressing cotton. Indigo is made only by native processes. Irrigation is largely See also:con-ducted by inundation channels from the boundary See also:rivers, but the centre of the district is barren. The district is traversed by the See also:main See also:line of the North-Western railway from See also:Lahore, 2 " Considerable diversion was created in the city to-See also:day [May 1, 184o] by the See also:appearance of the new See also:penny-See also:post devices for envelopes, See also:half-See also:sheet letters, and bits of sticking-See also:plaster for dabbing on to letters. [The elephants on the See also:Mulready See also:cover] are symbolic of the lightness and rapidity with which Mr See also:Rowland See also:Hill's penny-post is to be carried on. Withal the citizens are See also:rude enough to believe that these graphic embellishments will not go down at the See also:price of 1s. 3d. per dozen for the envelopes, . and of 1s.

1d. per dozen for the sticking-plaster." This banter is from the See also:

money See also:article of an eminent daily See also:paper. which crosses the Sutlej by the Empress See also:Bridge opposite See also:Bahawalpur. It is also entered by the See also:branch from See also:Lyallpur to Khanewal junction, See also:crossing the Ravi. The See also:early Arab geographers mention Multan as forming See also:part of the See also:kingdom of See also:Sind, which was conquered for the See also:caliphate by Mahommed See also:bin Kasim in the See also:middle of the 8th See also:century. On the dismemberment of the See also:Mogul See also:Empire in the middle of the 18th century, Multan See also:fell to the Afghans, who held it with difficulty against the Sikhs. At length, in 1818, Ranjit Singh after a See also:long See also:siege carried the See also:capital by See also:storm; and in 1821 he made over the See also:administration of Multan with five neighbouring districts to Sawan Mal, who raised the See also:province to a See also:state of prosperity by excavating canals and inducing new inhabitants to See also:settle. After the See also:establishment of the See also:council of regency of Lahore, difficulties arose between Mulraj, son and successor of Sawan Mal, and the British officials, which led to his See also:rebellion, and culminated in the second See also:war and the annexation of the whole of the Punjab. The city of Multan, after a stubborn See also:defence, was carried by storm in See also:January 1849. The district at once passed under See also:direct British See also:rule, and See also:order was not disturbed even during the See also:Mutiny. . The DIVISION of MULTAN is the south-western division of the Punjab. It was abolished in 1884, but reconstituted in 1901. Its area is 29,516 sq. m. and its population in 1901 was 3,014,675.

It includes the six districts of See also:

Mianwali, See also:Jhang, Lyallpur, Multan, See also:Muzaffargarh, and Dera See also:Ghazi See also:Khan.

End of Article: MULTAN, or MOOLTAN

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