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NORTH BERWICK

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Originally appearing in Volume V19, Page 770 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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NORTH See also:BERWICK , a royal and See also:police See also:burgh of See also:Haddingtonshire, See also:Scotland. Pop. (19o1) 2614. It is situated on the See also:south See also:shore of the entrance to the See also:Firth of Forth, 222 M. E.N.E. of See also:Edinburgh by the North See also:British railway, being the See also:terminus of a See also:branch See also:line from Drem Junction. It was created a royal burgh by See also:Robert III. (d. 1406), and though once a See also:port of some importance it dwindled to a fishing See also:hamlet. In the latter See also:half of the 19th See also:century, however, it gradually became a fashionable watering-See also:place, much frequented for its See also:firm sandy See also:beach and bathing, and especially for its two See also:golf-courses. Near the station are the ruins of the See also:abbey of Cistercian nuns founded by See also:David I. Immediately to the south rises the See also:fine See also:cone of North Berwick See also:Law (612 ft.), which was utilized as a See also:signal point at the See also:period of the See also:Napoleonic scare. About 3 in.

E. stand the strikingly picturesque ruins of Tantallon See also:

Castle, which probably See also:dates from the end of the 14th century and was for many generations the stronghold of the See also:Angus Douglases. Though the 6th See also:earl successfully resisted the sieges of See also:James V. in 1528 and 153o, the castle had at last to be surrendered by treaty. It was besieged and captured by See also:General See also:Monk in 1651, and sometime after the restoration became the See also:property of See also:Sir Hew Dalrymple, See also:lord See also:president of session, whose See also:family still own it. It was then dismantled and See also:fell into decay. About 2 m. S.W. of North Berwick is Dirleton, with a castle dating from the 12th century. See also:Edward I. took it in 1298, and in the reign of Robert See also:Bruce it was acquired by the Haliburtons, from whom it passed to the family of See also:Ruthven. On the failure of the See also:Gowrie See also:conspiracy (1600) the castle was forfeited and given to Sir See also:Thomas See also:Erskine (1566-1639), who became See also:Baron Dirleton in 1604, two years later See also:Viscount See also:Fenton, and in 1619 earl of Kellie. Monk laid See also:siege to the castle in 165o, and in 1663 it was See also:purchased by Sir See also:John Nisbet (1609-1687), lord See also:advocate, afterwards a lord of session and Lord Dirleton.

End of Article: NORTH BERWICK

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