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See also:HADDINGTONSHIRE, or See also:EAST See also:LOTHIAN , a See also:south-eastern See also:county of See also:Scotland, bounded N. by the See also:Firth of Forth, N.E. by the See also:North See also:Sea, E., S.E. and S. by See also:Berwickshire, and S.W. and W. by See also:Edinburghshire. It covers an See also:area of 171,o11 acres, or 267 sq. m. Its sea-See also:coast See also:measures 41 M. The See also:Bass See also:Rock and Fidra Isle belong'to the See also:shire; and there are numerous rocks and reefs off the See also:shore, especially between See also:Dunbar and Gullane See also:Bay. Broadly speaking, the See also:northern See also:half of the shire slopes gently to the coast, and the See also:southern half is hilly. Several of the peaks of the Lammermuirs exceed 1500 ft., and the more level See also:tract is broken by Traprain See also:Law (724) in the See also:parish of Prestonkirk, North See also:Berwick Law (612), and Garleton See also:- HILL
- HILL (0. Eng. hyll; cf. Low Ger. hull, Mid. Dutch hul, allied to Lat. celsus, high, collis, hill, &c.)
- HILL, A
- HILL, AARON (1685-175o)
- HILL, AMBROSE POWELL
- HILL, DANIEL HARVEY (1821-1889)
- HILL, DAVID BENNETT (1843–1910)
- HILL, GEORGE BIRKBECK NORMAN (1835-1903)
- HILL, JAMES J
- HILL, JOHN (c. 1716-1775)
- HILL, MATTHEW DAVENPORT (1792-1872)
- HILL, OCTAVIA (1838– )
- HILL, ROWLAND (1744–1833)
- HILL, SIR ROWLAND (1795-1879)
Hill (590) to the north of the county See also:town. The only important See also:river is the See also:Tyne, which rises to the south-east of Borthwick in See also:Mid-Lothian, and, taking a generally north-easterly direction, reaches the sea just beyond the See also:park of Tynninghame See also:House, after a course of 28 m., for the first 7 M. of which it belongs to its See also:parent shire. It is noted for a very See also:fine variety of See also:trout, and See also:salmon are sometimes taken below the linn at East See also:Linton. The Whiteadder rises in the parish of Whittingehame, but, flowing towards the south-east, leaves the shire and at last joins the See also:Tweed near Berwick. There are no natural lakes, but in the parish of Stenton is found Pressmennan See also:Loch, an artificial See also:sheet of See also:water of somewhat See also:serpentine shape, about 2 M. in length, with a width of some 400 yds., which was constructed in 1819 by damming up the See also:ravine in which it lies. The See also:banks are wooded and picturesque, and the water abounds with trout.
See also:Geology.—The higher ground in the south, including the Lammermuir Hills, is formed by shales, greywackes and grits of Ordovician and See also:Silurian See also:age; a narrow See also:belt of the former lying on the north-western See also:side of the latter, the strike being S.W. to N.E. The granitic See also:mass of Priestlaw and other felsitic rocks have been intruded into these strata. The See also:lower Old Red See also:Sandstone has not been observed in this county, but the younger sandstones and conglomerates fill up See also:ancient depressions in the Silurian and Ordovician, such as that See also:running northward from Oldhamstocks towards Dunbar and the valley of See also:Lauderdale. A faulted-in tract of the same formation, about 1 m. in breadth, runs westward from Dunbar to near See also:Gifford. Carboniferous rocks See also:form the See also:remainder of the county. The Calciferous Sandstone See also:series, shales,'thin limestones and sandstones, is exposed on the south-eastern coast; but between Gifford and North Berwick and from Aberlady to Dunbar it is represented by a See also:great thickness of volcanic rocks consisting of tuffs and coarse breccias in the lower beds, and of porphyritic and andesitic lavas above. These rocks are well exposed on the coast, in the Garleton Hills and Traprain Law; the latter and North Berwick Law are volcanic
and North Berwick. The shire is under school-See also:board See also:jurisdiction, and besides high See also:schools at See also:Haddington and North Berwick, some of the elementary schools See also:earn grants for higher See also:education. The county See also:council spends a proportion of the " See also:residue " See also:- GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
- GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
- GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
- GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
- GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
- GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
- GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
- GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
- GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
- GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
- GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
- GRANT, U
- GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)
grant in supporting See also:short courses of instruction in technical subjects (chiefly See also:agriculture), in experiments in the feeding of See also:cattle and the growing of crops, and in defraying the travelling expenses of technical students.
See also:History.—Of the Celts, who were probably the earliest in-habitants, traces are found in a few See also:place names and circular camps (in the parishes of Garvald and Whittinghame) and hill forts (in the parish of See also:Bolton). After the See also:Roman occupation, of which few traces remain, the See also:district formed See also:part of the Saxon See also:kingdom of See also:Northumbria until ror8, when it was joined to Scotland by See also:Malcolm II. It was comparatively prosperous till the See also:wars of See also:Bruce and See also:Baliol, but from that See also:period down to the See also:union of the kingdoms it suffered from its nearness to the Border and from See also:civil strife. The last battles fought in the county were those of Dunbar (1650) and See also:Prestonpans (1745).
See J. See also:Miller, History of Haddington (1844); D. Croal, Sketches of East Lothian (Haddington, 1873); See also:John Martine, Reminiscences of the County of Haddington (Haddington, 1890, 1894); Dr See also:Wallace See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
James, Writs and Charters of Haddington (Haddington, 1898).
End of Article: HADDINGTONSHIRE, or EAST LOTHIAN
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