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ORANGEMEN

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Originally appearing in Volume V20, Page 160 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ORANGEMEN , members of the See also:

Orange Society, an association of Irish Protestants, originating and chiefly flourishing in See also:Ulster, but with ramifications in other parts of the See also:United See also:Kingdom, and in the See also:British colonies. Orangemen derive their name from See also:King See also:William III. (See also:Prince of Orange). They are enrolled in lodges in the See also:ordinary See also:form of a See also:secret society. Their toasts, about which there is no concealment, indicate the spirit of the Orangemen. The commonest form is " the glorious, pious and immortal memory of the See also:great and. See also:good King William, who saved us from popery, See also:slavery, knavery, See also:brass See also:money and wooden shoes," with See also:grotesque or truculent additions according to the orator's See also:taste. The brass money refers to See also:James II.'s See also:finance, and the wooden shoes to his See also:French See also:allies. The final words are often " a fig for the See also:bishop of See also:Cork," in allusion to Dr See also:Peter See also:Browne, who, in 1715, wrote cogently against the practice of toasting the dead. Orangemen are fond of beating drums and flaunting flags with the See also:legend " no surrender," in allusion to See also:Londonderry. Orangeism, is essentially See also:political. Its See also:original See also:object was the See also:maintenance of See also:Protestant ascendancy, and that spirit still survives. The first See also:regular lodges were founded in 1795, but the See also:system existed earlier.

The See also:

Brunswick clubs, founded to oppose See also:Catholic emancipation, were sprigs from the original Orange See also:tree. The orange See also:flowers of the Lilium bulbiferum are worn in Ulster on the 1st and 12th See also:July, the anniversaries of the See also:Boyne and See also:Aughrim. Another great See also:day is the 5th of See also:November, when William III. landed in Torbay. ORANG-UTAN (" See also:man of the See also:woods "), the See also:Malay name of the See also:giant red man-like See also:ape of See also:Borneo and See also:Sumatra, known to the See also:Dyaks as the mias, and to most naturalists as Simia satyrus. The red, or brownish-red, See also:colour of the See also:long and coarse See also:hair at once distinguishes the orang-utan from the See also:African apes; a further point of distinction being the excessive length of the arms, which are of such proportions that the See also:animal when in the upright posture (which it seldom voluntarily assumes) can See also:rest on its See also:bent knuckles. Very characteristic of the old See also:males, which may stand as much as 51 ft. in height, is the lateral expansion of the cheeks, owing to a See also:kind of warty growth, thus producing an extraordinarily broad and flattened type of See also:face. Such an expansion is however by no means characteristic of all the males of the See also:species, and is apparently a feature of racial value. Another peculiarity of the males is the presence of a huge See also:throat-See also:sac or pouch on the front of the throat and See also:chest, which may extend even to the See also:arm-pits; although See also:present in See also:females, it does not reach nearly the same dimensions in that See also:sex. More than See also:half-a-dozen See also:separate races of orang-utan are recognized in Borneo, where, however, they do not appear to be restricted to separate localities. In Sumatra the Deli and Langkat See also:district is inhabited by S. satyrus deliensis and Abong by S. s. abongensis. In Borneo the red ape inhabits the swampy See also:forest-See also:tract at the See also:foot of the mountains. In confinement these apes (of which adult specimens have been exhibited in See also:Calcutta) appear very slow and deliberate in their movements; but in their native forests they See also:swing themselves from bough to bough and from tree to tree as fast as a man can walk on the ground beneath.

They construct platforms of boughs in the trees, which are used as sleeping-places, and apparently occupied for several nights in See also:

succession. See also:Jack-See also:fruit or See also:durian, the tough spiny hide of which is torn open with their strong fingers, forms the See also:chief -See also:food of orang-utans, which also consume the luscious mangustin and other fruits.

End of Article: ORANGEMEN

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