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JACK

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Originally appearing in Volume V15, Page 107 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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JACK , a word with a See also:

GREAT

great variety of meanings and applications, all traceable to the See also:

COMMON

common use of the word as a by-name of a See also:

man. The question has been much discussed whether " Jack " as a name is an See also:

ADAPTATION (from Lat. adaptare. to fit to)

adaptation of Fr. Jacques, i.e. See also:

James, from See also:

LAT

Lat. Jacobus, Gr. 'IfKw(3or, or whether it is a See also:

DIRECT

direct pet formation from See also:

John, which is its earliest and universal use in See also:

ENGLISH

English. In the See also:

HISTORY

History of the Monastery of St See also:

Augustine at See also:

Canterbury, 1414, Jack is given as a See also:

FORM (Lat. forma)

form of John—Mos est Saxonum . . . verba et nomina transformare . . . . ut . . . See also:

PRO

pro Johanne Jankin sine Jacke (see E. W.

B. See also:

Nicholson, The See also:

PEDIGREE

Pedigree of Jack and other Allied Names, 1892). " Jack " was See also:

early used as a See also:

general See also:

TERM

term for any man of the common See also:

PEOPLE

people, especially in See also:

COMBINATION (Lat. combinare, to combine)

combination with the woman's name Jill or Gill, as in the nursery See also:

RHYME

rhyme. The New English See also:

DICTIONARY

Dictionary quotes from the I See also:

COLLEGE (Collegium)

College; one at See also:

ETON

Eton College; and six at the See also:

CHELSEA

Chelsea See also:

HOSPITAL (Lat. haspitalis, the adjective of hospes, host or guest)

Hospital. See also:

Coventry Mysteries, 1450: " And I wole kepe the feet this tyde Many specimens are painted with See also:

SHIELDS, JAMES (181b-1879)

shields of arms, See also:

INITIALS (Lat. initialis, of or belonging to a beginning, initium)

initials and Thow ther come both Iakke and Gylle." See also:

FAMILIAR (through the Fr. familier, from Lat. familiaris, of or belonging to the familia, family)

Familiar examples of other devices; they are very seldom mounted in See also:

SILVER

silver, though this generic application of the name are Jack or Jack See also:

TAR

Tar for a See also:

SPURIOUS

spurious specimens with silver medallions of See also:

Cromwell and other sailor, which seems to date from the 17th See also:

CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century, and such prominent personages exist. At the end of the 17th century a See also:

compound uses as cheap-jack and See also:

STEEPLE (akin to " steep")

steeple-jack, or such expres- smaller jack of a different form, like an See also:

ORDINARY (med. Lat. ordinarius, Fr. ordinaire)

ordinary drinking mug sions as " jack in See also:

OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")

office," " jack of all trades," &c. It is a further with a tapering cylindrical See also:

BODY

body, often mounted in silver, came See also:

EXTENSION (Lat. ex, out ; tendere, to stretch)

extension of this that gives the name to the See also:

KNAVE (O.E. cnafa, cognate with Ger. Knabe, boy)

knave in a See also:

pack of into See also:

VOGUE, EUGENE MELCHIOR, COMTE DE (1848- )

vogue in a limited degree. The See also:

black jack is a distinct type of drinking See also:

VESSEL (O. Fr. vaissel, from a rare Lat. vascellum, dim. of vas, vase, urn)

vessel from the See also:

leather hotel and the See also:

BOMBARD (derived through Med. Lat. and Fr. forms from Gr. (3oµ(3eiv, to make a humming noise)

bombard. The jack-See also:

BOOT

boot, the heavy See also:

RIDING

riding boot with See also:

long flap covering the See also:

KNEE (O. E. cneow, a word common to Indo-European languages, cf. Ger. Knie, Fr. genou, Span. hinojo, Lat. genu, Gr. ybvv, Sansk. janu)

knee and See also:

PART

part of the thigh, and worn by troopers first during the 17th century, was so called probably from association with the leather jack or See also:

JERKIN

jerkin. The jack-boot is still worn by. the See also:

HOUSEHOLD, ROYAL

Household See also:

CAVALRY (Fr. cavalerie, Ger. Kavallerie or Reiterei, derived ultimately from late Lat. caballus, horse)

Cavalry, and the name is applied to a high riding boot reaching to the knee as distinguished from the riding boot with tops, used in full See also:

HUNTING (the verbal substantive from " hunt "; O. Eng. huntian, hunta; apparently connected with O. Eng. hentan, Gothic hinpan, to capture, O.H.G. hunda,booty)

hunting-See also:

KIT (1) (probably an adaptation of the Middle Dutch kitie, a wooden tub, usually with a lid and handles; in modern Dutch kit means a tankard)

kit or by grooms or coachmen. Jack, sometimes spelled jak, is the common name for the See also:

FRUIT (through the French from the Lat. fructus; frui, to enjoy)

fruit of the See also:

tree Artiocarpus integrifolia, found in the See also:

East Indies. The word is an adaptation of the Portuguese See also:

JACA

jaca from the See also:

MALAY

Malay name chakka.

(See See also:

BREAD

BREAD FRUIT.) The word " jackanapes," now used as an opprobrious term for a swaggering See also:

PERSON, OFFENCES AGAINST THE

person with impertinent ways and affected airs and See also:

GRACES, THE, (Gr. X&panes, Lat. Gratiae)

graces, has a disputed and curious history. According to the New English Dictionary it first appears in 1450 in reference to See also:

William de la See also:

Pole, See also:

DUKE (corresponding to Fr. duc, Ital. duca, Ger. Herzog)

duke of See also:

Suffolk (See also:

POLITICAL

Political Poems, " Rolls See also:

SERIES (a Latin word from serere, to join)

Series," II. 224), " Jack Napys with his clogge hath tiede See also:

Talbot oure gentille dogge." Suffolk's badge was a clog and See also:

CHAIN (through the O. Fr. citable, chcene, &c., from Lat. catena)

chain, such as was often used for an See also:

APE (Old Eng. ape; Dutch aap; Old Ger. a ffo; Welsh epa; Old Bohemian op; a word of uncertain origin, possibly an imitation of the animal's chatter)

ape kept in captivity, and he is alluded to (ibid. 222) as " Ape clogge." Jack Napes, Jack o' Napes, Jackanapes, was a common name for a tame ape from the 16th century, and it seems more likely that the word is a fanciful name for a See also:

MONKEY

monkey than that it is due to the See also:

NICKNAME

nickname of Suffolk.

End of Article: JACK

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