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ROUHER, EUGENE (1814-1884)

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 771 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ROUHER, See also:EUGENE (1814-1884) , See also:French statesman, was See also:born at See also:Riom (See also:Puy de See also:Dome) on the 3oth of See also:November 1814. He practised See also:law in his native See also:place after taking his degree in See also:Paris in 1835, and in 1846 sought See also:election by his See also:fellow-citizens to the Chamber of Deputies as an See also:official See also:candidate of the See also:Guizot See also:ministry. It was only after the revolution of 1848, however, that he became See also:deputy for the See also:department of Puy de Dome. Re-elected to the Legislative Chamber in 1849 he succeeded Odilon See also:Barrot as See also:minister of See also:justice, with the additional See also:office of keeper of the See also:seals, which he retained with See also:short intervals until See also:January 1852. From the See also:tribune of the Chamber he described. the revolution of See also:February as a " See also:catastrophe," and he supported reactionary legislation, notably the See also:bill (May 31, 18.50) for the See also:limitation of the See also:suffrage. After the-coup d'etat of See also:December 2, 1851, he was entrusted with the redaction of the new constitution, and on his resignation of office in January became See also:vice-See also:president of the See also:Council of See also:State. After the formal See also:establishment of the See also:Empire, See also:Napoleon III. rewarded him by a See also:grant of £40,000 and the See also:estate of Cirey. In 1855 he became minister of See also:agriculture, See also:commerce and public See also:works, and in 1856 senator. He secured for See also:France an excellent See also:system of See also:railways without making them a state See also:monopoly, and he conducted the complicated negotiations for the treaty of commerce with See also:England which was concluded in January 186o, and subsequently arranged similar See also:treaties with See also:Belgium and See also:Italy. In 1863 he became minister president of the Council of State, and on the See also:death of A. A. M.

Billault minister of state and See also:

chief spokesman of the See also:emperor. before the See also:Corps Legislatif. Although the See also:government had a See also:great See also:majority in the Chamber, the opposition counted the redoubtable names of See also:Thiers, See also:Berryer and Jules See also:Favre, and government See also:measures were only passed by frequent resort to the See also:closure. Rouher had to defend Napoleon's See also:foreign adventures as well as the See also:free-See also:trade treaties and the extravagances of See also:Baron See also:Haussmann for which.he was directly responsible. After an attempted See also:defence of the foreign policy which had aided the aggrandizement of See also:Prussia at the expense of See also:Austria, Thiers told him in the Chamber that there were " no more blunders See also:left for him to make." He opposed the abortive Liberal concessions of January 1867, announced in a See also:personal See also:letter from Napoleon III. to himself, and resigned with the See also:rest of the See also:cabinet, only to resume office after a short See also:interval as minister of See also:finance. When concessions became inevitable Rouher, the " vice-empereur," resigned to make way after six months' interval for Emile 011ivier. He still fought for reaction in his new office of president of the See also:Senate. After the fall of the Empire he fled to England, but returned to France a See also:year later to See also:work for the fortunes of the See also:prince imperial. After serious disturbances he was elected member for See also:Ajaccio on the 11th of February 1872, his election being characterized by the See also:prefect of See also:Corsica as a See also:regular See also:conspiracy in favour of the Empire. In the Chamber, where he subsequently represented Riom, he formed the See also:group of the Appel au Peuple. His first speech in the See also:House was the occasion (May 21, 1872) of violent attacks by Audiffret-See also:Pasquier and See also:Gambetta. The death of the prince imperial in 1879 put an end to the serious chances of the Bonapartists, although Rouher sought to secure the recognition of Prince Napoleon, son of the ex-See also:king See also:Jerome, as See also:heir to the imperial honours. Rouher lost his See also:reason after a stroke of See also:paralysis in 1883, and died on the 3rd of February 1884.

For an estimate of Rouher, see See also:

marquis de Castellane, LesHommes d'etat franfais du xix'. siecle (1888), and generally the literature dealing with the Second Empire.

End of Article: ROUHER, EUGENE (1814-1884)

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