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VENETIA

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Originally appearing in Volume V27, Page 987 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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VENETIA , a territorial See also:

division of See also:northern See also:Italy, lying between the See also:Alps and the Adriatic, and stretching from the frontier of See also:Carinthia and See also:Istria (See also:Austria) in the See also:north-See also:east to the See also:lower Po and See also:Lombardy in the See also:south-See also:west. It comprises the provinces of See also:Belluno, See also:Padua, See also:Rovigo, Treviso, See also:Udine, See also:Venice, See also:Verona and See also:Vicenza, and has an See also:area of 9476 sq. m. Pop. (188i) 2,814,173; (19oz) 3,192,897. The crops principally grown are See also:maize, See also:wheat, See also:rice, grapes, mulberry leaves, See also:tobacco, chestnuts, ' Some further details will be found in the Preliminary See also:Report presented to the See also:British See also:Academy published in the See also:Athenaeum, See also:August 8th, 1908.potatoes and See also:hemp. See also:Copper and See also:lignite are See also:mined, and See also:turf is dug. The thief See also:industries are the' manufacture of woollens, cottons, silks, See also:glass, laces, tobacco, See also:straw-See also:plait, See also:paper, See also:sugar and hemp, the breeding of, silkworms, See also:iron-See also:founding and working, See also:timber-cutting and See also:shipbuilding. At Mira is a large See also:candle factory. The peasantry suffer, much from See also:pellagra. The territory differs much in See also:character; the Po and other smaller See also:rivers which fall into the Adriatic terminate in a huge and continually advancing See also:delta which extends right along the See also:coast, and is liable to inundation. • The See also:shore lagoons are, however, rendered healthy by the ebb and flow of the See also:tide, which is much more considerable than elsewhere in the Mediterranean. To the north of the Po at the See also:foot of the mountains is a fertile territory, while the mountains themselves are not productive.

The See also:

chief towns in the various provinces; with their communal See also:population in 1901, are: Belluno 19,050; See also:total of See also:province 214,8031 number of communes 66; Padua 81,242; Monselice 11,571, See also:Este 10,779, Piove di Sacco 10,021; total of province 444,360, number of communes, 1o3; Rovigo 10,735, See also:Adria 15,711; total of province 222,057, number of communes 63; Treviso 32,793, See also:Castelfranco Veneto 12,440, Montebelluna 10,284, See also:Conegliano 10,252; total of province 416,945, number of communes 95; Udine 36,899, See also:Pordenone 12,409, S. Vito al Tagliamento 10,160; total of province 614,270, number of communes 179; Venice 148,471, See also:Chioggia 31.218, Cavarzere 16,388, Mira 12,169, Mestre 11,625; total of province 399,823, number of communes 5o; Verona 73,917, See also:Legnago 14,535 total of province 427,018, number of communes 113; Vicenza 43,703, See also:Bassano 15,097; Schio 13,524; Arzignano 10,426, Lonigo 10,390; total of province 453,621; number of communes 123: ' Railway communication in Venetia is fairly See also:good; there is a See also:main See also:line from See also:Milan to Mestre (the junction for Venice) and thence to See also:Trieste by a line near the coast, or by Treviso, Udine and Pontebba (Pontafel) into Austria. Another route into Austria, the See also:Brenner, leaves the Milan-Venice line at Verona, which is connected with See also:Modena (and so with central and See also:southern Italy) by a railway through See also:Mantua. Another main line runs from See also:Bologna to See also:Ferrara, Rovigo and Padua, joining the Milan-Venice line at the last-named See also:place. Intercommunication between the main lines is secured by See also:branch See also:railways and See also:steam tramways. The Po, however, forms somewhat of an obstacle, but is crossed by the main lines to Modena and Bologna near Mantua and Rovigo respectively. The See also:district which later See also:bore the name of Venetia was inhabited, under the See also:Roman See also:Republic, by a variety of tribes Celts, See also:Veneti, Raeti, &c; Under See also:Augustus, Venetia and Histria formed the tenth region of Augustus, the latter including the Istrian See also:peninsula as far as the See also:river Arsia, i.e. with the exclusion of the See also:strip along the E. coast (Liburnia). In all directions, indeed, it 'extended farther than Venetia in the See also:modern sense, being bounded on the S. by the Po and its main (north) See also:arm, extending on the W. as far as the See also:Adda and on the N. into a See also:part of southern See also:Tirol. . It was thus far the largest of the regions of Italy, but possessed comparatively few towns; though such as there Were, with the large territories, acquired considerable See also:power and See also:influence. The easiness of the Brenner pass and the abundance of communication with the See also:sea led to the rise of such towns as Verona, Padua and See also:Aquileia: and Milan only became more important than any of these when the See also:German attacks on Italy were See also:felt farther west. When the Roman See also:Empire See also:fell the towns were many of them destroyed by See also:Attila, and the inhabitants took See also:refuge in the islands of the lagoons. It is to this that Venice owes its origin, under See also:Byzantine See also:protection, See also:early in the 9th See also:century A.D.

For the See also:

gradual growth of Venetian supremacy over the whole territory, and for its subsequent See also:history, see VENICE.

End of Article: VENETIA

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