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VOSSIUS [Voss], GERHARD JOHANN (1577–...

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Originally appearing in Volume V28, Page 215 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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VOSSIUS [See also:Voss], See also:GERHARD JOHANN (1577–1649) , See also:German classical See also:scholar and theologian, was the son of Johannes Voss, a See also:Protestant of the See also:Netherlands, who fled from persecution into the See also:Palatinate and became pastor in the See also:village near See also:Heidelberg where Gerhard was See also:born. Johannes was a Calvinist, however, and the strict See also:Lutherans of the Palatinate caused him once more to become a wanderer; in 1578 he settled at See also:Leiden as student of See also:theology, and finally became pastor at See also:Dort, where he died in 1585. Here the son received his educa- Vossius was amongst the first to treat theological dogmas and the See also:heathen religions from the See also:historical point of view. His See also:principal See also:works are Historia Pelagiana sive Historiae de controversiis coos See also:Pelagius ejusque reliquiae moverunt (1618) ; See also:Aristarchus, sive de arte grammalica (1635 and 1695; new ed. in 2 vols., 1833–35); Etymologicum linguae Latham (1662; new ed. in two vols., 1762–63) ; tion, and antiquarian See also:research until his See also:death on the on, until in 1595 he entered the university of Leiden, where he became the lifelong friend of See also:Hugo See also:Grotius, and studied 29th of See also:March 1826. See also:classics, See also:Hebrew, See also:church See also:history and theology. In 1600 he Voss was a See also:man of a remarkably See also:independent and vigorous was made See also:rector of the high school at Dort, and devoted See also:character. In 1785—95 he published in two volumes a collection of See also:original poeme, to which he afterwards made many additions. The himself to See also:philology and historical theology. From 1614 to best of these works is his idyllic poem Luise (1795), in which he 1619 he was director of the theological See also:college at Leiden. sought, with much success, to apply the See also:style and methods of Meantime he was ga,ining a See also:great reputation as a scholar, not classical See also:poetry to the expression of See also:modern German thought and only in the Netherlands, but also in See also:France and See also:England. sentiment. In his hlythologische Briefe (2 vols., 1794), in which he But in spite of the moderation of his views and his abstention attacked the ideas of See also:Christian Gottlob See also:Heyne, in his Antisymbolik (2 vols., 1824–26), written in opposition to Georg See also:Friedrich Creuzer from controversy, he came under suspicion of See also:heresy, and (1771–1858), and in other writings he made important contributions escaped See also:expulsion from his See also:office only by resignation (1619). to the study of See also:mythology. He was also prominent as an See also:advocate The See also:year before he had published his valuable history of of the right of See also:free See also:judgment in See also:religion, and at the See also:time when some Pelagian controversies, which his enemies considered favourer, members of the Romantic school were being converted to the See also:Roman See also:Catholic church he produced a strong impression by a the views of the Arminians or See also:Remonstrants. In 1622, however, powerful See also:article, in Sophronizon, on his friend Friedrich von Stol- he was appointed See also:professor of See also:rhetoric and See also:chronology, and See also:berg's repudiation of Protestantism (1819).

It is, however, as a subsequently of See also:

Greek, in the university. He declined invita- translator that Voss chiefly owes his See also:place in German literature. tions from See also:Cambridge, but accepted from See also:Archbishop See also:Laud a IIis See also:translations indicate not only See also:sound scholarship but a thorough mastery of the See also:laws of German diction and See also:rhythm. The most prebend in See also:Canterbury See also:cathedral without See also:residence, and went famous of his translations are those of See also:Homer. Of these the best to England to be installed in 1629, when he was made LL.D. at is the See also:translation of the Odyssey,. as originally issued in 1781. He See also:Oxford. In 1632 he See also:left Leiden to take the See also:post of professor also translated See also:Hesiod, Theocrtus, See also:Bion and lbloschus, See also:Virgil, of history in the newly founded See also:Athenaeum at See also:Amsterdam, See also:Horace, See also:Tibullus, Properties and other classical poets, and he prepared a See also:critical edition of Tibullus. In 1818–29 was published, which he held till his death on the 19th of March 1649. in 9 Vols., a translation of See also:Shakespeare's plays, which he com- His son ISAAK (1618–1689), after a brilliant career of scholar- pleted with the help of his sons Heinrich and See also:Abraham, both of See also:ship in See also:Sweden, became residentiary See also:canon at See also:Windsor in 1673. whom were scholars and writers of considerable ability. He was the author of De septuaginla interpretibeas (1661), De J. II. Voss's Sdmttiche poetische II erke were published by his son Abraham in 1835; new ed.

1850. A See also:

good selection is in A. Sauer, poematum See also:cantu et viribus rhythmi (1673), and Variorum Der Gatlinger Dichterbund, vol. i. (Kfirsc_hner's Deutsche See also:National- observationum fiber (1685). literatur, vol. 49, 1887). His Letters were also published by his son in 4 vols. (1829–33). Voss left a See also:short autobiography, Abriss meines Lebens (1815). See also W. Herbst, J. H.

Voss (3 vols., 1872–76); A. Heussncr, J. H. Voss als Schulmann in See also:

Eutin (1882).

End of Article: VOSSIUS [Voss], GERHARD JOHANN (1577–1649)

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