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AMHERST, JEFFREY AMHERST, BARON (1717...

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Originally appearing in Volume V01, Page 852 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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AMHERST, See also:JEFFREY AMHERST, See also:BARON (1717-1797) , See also:British soldier, was the son of Jeffrey Amherst of Riverhead, See also:Kent, and by the See also:interest of the See also:duke of See also:Dorset obtained an ensigncy in the See also:Guards in 1731. He served in See also:Germany and the See also:Low Countries as aide-de-tamp to See also:General (See also:Lord) See also:Ligonier, and was See also:present at See also:Dettingen, See also:Fontenoy and Roucoux. He then served on See also:Cumberland's See also:staff, and took See also:part with the duke in the AMHERST later See also:campaigns of the See also:Austrian See also:Succession See also:war, in the See also:battle of Val, and the See also:North See also:German See also:campaign of r757, including the battle of Hastenbeck. A See also:year previously he had been promoted to a See also:lieutenant-colonelcy. In 1758 See also:William See also:Pitt caused Amherst to be made a See also:major-general, and: gave him command of an expedition to attack the See also:French in North See also:America. For the See also:great See also:plan of conquering See also:Canada, Pitt See also:chose See also:young and ardent See also:officers, with Amherst, distinguished for steadiness and self-See also:control, as their See also:commander-in-See also:chief. The first victory of the expedition, the See also:capture of See also:Louisburg (See also:July 26, 1758), was, soon followed by other successes, and Amherst was given the chief command of all the forces in the See also:theatre of war. In the campaign of 1759 Amherst's own See also:share was the capture of See also:Ticonderoga and See also:Crown Point, while Fort See also:Niagara See also:fell to another See also:column, and See also:Quebec was taken by See also:Wolfe. In 176o a concentric See also:march on See also:Montreal was carried out with See also:complete success. Amherst was immediately appointed See also:governor-general of British North America, and in the following year was made a K.B. His conduct, of the operations against the See also:Indians under See also:Pontiac was, however, far from being as successful as his generalship against See also:regular troops; and he returned to See also:England in 1763, being made governor of See also:Virginia and See also:colonel of the See also:Oath See also:regiment in the same year. In 1768 the See also:king, who had had a See also:quarrel with Amherst, made amends by giving him another colonelcy; in 1770 he was made governor of See also:Guernsey; and two years later, though not yet a full general, he was made lieutenant-general of the See also:ordnance and acting commander-in-chief of the forces.

In this capacity he was the chief adviser at headquarters during the See also:

American War of See also:Independence. He was created a peer in 1776, was promoted general in r778 and became colonel of the 2nd See also:Horse Grenadiers (2nd See also:Life Guards) two years later. He aided in suppressing the See also:Gordon riots of 1780. The See also:rest of his active life,, with a See also:short See also:interval in 1782-1783, he spent at the Horse Guards as commander-in-chief, but he was no longer capable of See also:good service, and in 1795 he was succeeded by the duke of See also:York. In 1796 Lord Amherst was made See also:field-See also:marshal; and he died on the 3rd of See also:August 1797 at " Montreal," his See also:residence in Kent.

End of Article: AMHERST, JEFFREY AMHERST, BARON (1717-1797)

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