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BASS ROCK, THE

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Originally appearing in Volume V03, Page 498 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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BASS See also:ROCK, THE , a small See also:island in the See also:Firth of Forth, about 2 M. from Canty See also:Bay, See also:Haddingtonshire, See also:Scotland. It is circular in shape, measuring a mile in circumference, and is 350 ft. high. See also:Mersenne, ob. cit., and See also:Michael See also:Praetorius, Svntagma Musicum (See also:Wolfenbuttel, 1618), both of whom describe See also:anti figure these forms of See also:early bassoons. 7 Op. cit. vol. vii. p. 38. named as the probable author of the transformation of See also:pommer On three sides the cliffs are precipitous, but they shelve towards the S.W., where landing is effected. The Bass Rock is an intrusive See also:mass of phonolitic t:rachyte or orthophyre. No See also:nepheline has been detected in the rock, but See also:analcite is See also:present in small quantity together with abundant See also:orthoclase and See also:green sodaaugite. It bears a See also:close resemblance to the eruptive masses of See also:North See also:Berwick See also:Law and Traprain Law, but. is non-porphyritic. It is regarded by See also:Sir A. See also:Geikie as a plug filling an old volcanic vent, from which See also:lava emanated during the Calciferous See also:Sandstone See also:period. It used to be grazed by See also:sheep, of which the mutton was thought to be unusually See also:good, but its See also:principal denizens are See also:sea-birds, chiefly solan geese, which haunt the rock in vast See also:numbers.

A lighthouse with a six-flash See also:

lantern of 39,000candle See also:power was opened in 1902. For a considerable distance E. and W. there runs through the rock a See also:tunnel, about 15 ft. high, accessible at See also:low See also:water. St Baldred, whose name has been given to several of the cliffs on the See also:shore of the mainland, occupied.a hermitage on the Bass, where he died in 756. In the 14th See also:century the island became the See also:property of the Lauders, called afterwards Landers of the Bass, from whom it was See also:purchased in 1671 by See also:government, and a See also:castle with dungeons was erected on it, in which many See also:Covenanters were imprisoned. Among them were See also:Alexander See also:Peden (1026-1686), for four years, and See also:John Blackadder (1615-1686), who died there after five years' detention. At the Revolution four See also:young See also:Jacobites captured the Rock, and having been reinforced by a few others, held it for See also:King See also:James from See also:June 1691 to See also:April 1694, only surrendering when threatened by See also:starvation. Thus the. island was the last See also:place in See also:Great See also:Britain to submit to See also:William III. Dismantled of its fortifications in 1701, the Bass passed into the ownership of Sir Hew Dalrymple, to whose See also:family it belongs. It is let on See also:annual rental for the feathers, eggs, oil and young of the sea-birds and for the fees of visitors, who, reach it usually from Canty Bay and North Berwick.

End of Article: BASS ROCK, THE

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