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See also:CAUCHY, AUGUSTIN See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
LOUIS, See also:BARON (1789-1857) , See also:French mathematician, was See also:born at See also:Paris on the 21st of See also:August 1789, and died at Sceaux (See also:Seine) on the 23rd of May 1857. Having received his See also:early See also:education from his See also:father Louis See also:Francois Cauchy (176o-1848), who held several See also:minor public appointments and counted See also:Lagrange and See also:Laplace among his See also:friends, Cauchy entered Ecole Centrale du See also:Pantheon in 1802, and proceeded to the Ecole Polytechnique in 18o5, and to the Ecole See also:des Ponts et Chaussees in 1807. Having adopted the profession of an engineer, he See also:left Paris for See also:Cherbourg in 181o, but returned in 1813 on See also:account of his See also:health, whereupon Lagrange and Laplace persuaded him to renounce See also:engineering and to devote himself to See also:mathematics. He obtained an See also:appointment at the Ecole Polytechnique, which, however, he relinquished in 1830 on the See also:accession of Louis Philippe, finding it impossible to take the necessary oaths. A See also:short sojourn at See also:Freiburg in See also:Switzerland was followed by his appointment in 1831 to the newly-created See also:chair of mathematical physics at the university of See also:Turin. In 1833 the deposed See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king See also:Charles X. summoned him to be See also:tutor to his See also:grandson, the See also:duke of See also:Bordeaux, an appointment which enabled Cauchy to travel and thereby become acquainted with the favourable impression which his investigations had made. Charles created him a baron in return for his services. Returning to Paris in 1838, he refused a proffered chair at the See also:College de See also:France, but in 1848, the See also:oath having been suspended, he resumed his See also:post at the $tole Polytechnique, and when the oath was reinstituted after the coup d'etat of 1851, Cauchy and See also:Arago were exempted from it. A profound mathematician, Cauchy exercised by his perspicuous and rigorous methods a See also:great See also:influence over his contemporaries and successors. His writings See also:cover the entire range of mathematics and mathematical physics.
Cauchy had two See also:brothers: See also:ALEXANDRE See also:LAURENT (1792-1857), who became a See also:president of a See also:division of the See also:court of See also:appeal in 1847, and .a See also:judge of the court of cassation in 1849; and See also:EUGENE FRANCOIS (1802-1877), a publicist who also wrote several mathematical See also:works.
The See also:genius of Cauchy was promised in his See also:simple See also:solution of the problem of See also:Apollonius, i.e. to describe a circle touching three given circles, which he discovered in 1805, his generalization of See also:Euler's theorem on polyhedra in 1811, and in several other elegant problems. More important is his memoir on See also:wave-See also:propagation which obtained the See also:Grand Prix of the Institut in 1816. His greatest contributions to mathematical See also:science are enveloped in the rigorous methods which he introduced. These are mainly embodied in his three great See also:treatises, Cours d'analyse de l'Ecole Polytechnique (1821); Le Calcul infinitesimal (1823) ; Lecons sur See also:les applications du'calcul infinitesimal d la geometrie (1826–1828) ; and also In his courses of See also:mechanics (for the Ecole Polytechnique), higher See also:algebra (for the Faculte de Sciences), and of mathematical physics (for the College de France) His treatises and contributions to scientific See also:journals (tto the numbei of 789) contain investigations on the theory of See also:series (where he See also:developed with perspicuous skill the notion of convergency), on thr theory of See also:numbers and complex quantities, the theory of See also:groups and
substitutions, the theory of functions, See also:differential equations and determinants. He clarified the principles of the calculus by developing them with the aid of limits and continuity, and was the first to prove See also:- TAYLOR
- TAYLOR, ANN (1782-1866)
- TAYLOR, BAYARD (1825–1878)
- TAYLOR, BROOK (1685–1731)
- TAYLOR, ISAAC (1787-1865)
- TAYLOR, ISAAC (1829-1901)
- TAYLOR, JEREMY (1613-1667)
- TAYLOR, JOHN (158o-1653)
- TAYLOR, JOHN (1704-1766)
- TAYLOR, JOSEPH (c. 1586-c. 1653)
- TAYLOR, MICHAEL ANGELO (1757–1834)
- TAYLOR, NATHANIEL WILLIAM (1786-1858)
- TAYLOR, PHILIP MEADOWS (1808–1876)
- TAYLOR, ROWLAND (d. 1555)
- TAYLOR, SIR HENRY (1800-1886)
- TAYLOR, THOMAS (1758-1835)
- TAYLOR, TOM (1817-1880)
- TAYLOR, WILLIAM (1765-1836)
- TAYLOR, ZACHARY (1784-1850)
Taylor's theorem rigorously, establishing his well-known See also:form of the See also:remainder. In mechanics, he made many researches, substituting the notion of the continuity of geometrical displacements for the principle of the continuity of See also:matter. In See also:optics, he developed the wave theory, and his name is associated with the simple See also:dispersion See also:formula. In See also:elasticity, he originated the theory of stress, and his results are nearly as valuable as those of S. D. See also:Poisson. His collected works, (Euvres completes d'Augustin Cauchy, have been published in 27 volumes.
See C. A. Valson, Le Baron Augustin Cauchy: sa See also:vie et ses travaux (Paris, 1868).
End of Article: CAUCHY, AUGUSTIN LOUIS, BARON (1789-1857)
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