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See also:FLEET See also:PRISON , an historic See also:London prison, formerly situated on the See also:east See also:side of Farringdon See also:Street, and deriving its name from the Fleet stream, which flowed into the See also:Thames. Concerning its See also:early See also:history little is known, but it certainly dated back to See also:Norman times. It came into particular prominence from being used as a See also:place of reception for persons committed by the See also:Star Chamber, and, afterwards, for debtors, and persons imprisoned for contempt of See also:court by the court of See also:chancery. It was burnt down in the See also:great See also:fire of 1666; it was rebuilt, but was destroyed in the See also:Gordon riots of 178o and again rebuilt in 1781-1782. In pursuance of an See also:act of See also:parliament (5 & 6 Viet. c. 22, 1842), by which the See also:Marshalsea, Fleet, and See also:Queen's See also:Bench prisons were consolidated into one under the name of Queen's prison, it was finally closed, and in 1844 sold to the See also:corporation of the See also:city of London, by whom it was pulled down. The See also:head of the prison was termed " the See also:warden," who was appointed by patent. It became a frequent practice of the holder of the patent to " See also:farm out " the prison to the highest See also:bidder. It was this See also:custom which made the Fleet prison See also:long notorious for the cruelties inflicted on prisoners. One purchaser of the See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office was of particularly evil repute, by name See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
Thomas Bambridge, who in 1728 paid, with another, the sum of £5000 to See also:John See also:Huggins for the warden-See also:ship. He was guilty of the greatest extortions upon prisoners, and, in the words of a See also:committee of the See also:House of See also:Commons appointed to inquire into the See also:state of the gaols of the See also:kingdom, " arbitrarily and unlawfully loaded with irons, put into dungeons,
and destroyed prisoners for See also:debt, treating them in the most barbarous and cruel manner, in high violation and contempt of the See also:laws of this kingdom." He was committed to Newgate, and an act was passed to prevent his enjoying the office of warden or any other office whatsoever. The liberties or rules of the Fleet were the limits within which particular prisoners were allowed to reside outside the prison walls on observing certain conditions.
Fleet Marriages.—By the See also:law of See also:England a See also:marriage was recognized as valid, so long as the ceremony was conducted by a See also:person in See also:holy orders, even if those orders were not of the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
Church of England. Neither banns nor'See also:licence were necessary, and the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time and place were alike immaterial. Out of this state of the marriage law, in the See also:period of laxness which succeeded the See also:Commonwealth, resulted innumerable clandestine marriages. They were contracted at first to avoid the expenses attendant on the public ceremony, but an act of 1696, which imposed a See also:penalty of £loo on any clergyman who celebrated, or permitted another to celebrate, a marriage otherwise than by banns or licence, acted as a considerable check. To clergymen imprisoned for debt in the Fleet, however, such a penalty had no terrors, for they had " neither See also:liberty, See also:money nor See also:credit to lose by any proceedings the See also:bishop might See also:institute against them." The earliest recorded date of a Fleet marriage is 1613, while the earliest recorded in a Fleet See also:register took place in 1674, but it was only on the See also:prohibition of marriage without banns or licence that they began to be clandestine. Then arose keen competition, and " many of the Fleet See also:parsons and See also:tavern-keepers in the neighbourhood fitted up a See also:room in their respective lodgings or houses as a See also:chapel," and employed touts to solicit custom for them. The See also:scandal and abuses brought about by these See also:clan-destine marriages became so great that they became the See also:object of See also:special legislation. In 1753 See also:Lord See also:Hardwicke's Act (26 Geo. ii. c. 33) was passed, which required, under See also:pain of nullity, that banns should be published according to the See also:rubric, or a licence obtained, and that, in either See also:case, the marriage should` be solemnized in church; and that in the case of minors, marriage by licence must be by the consent of See also:parent or See also:guardian. This act had the effect of putting a stop to these clandestine marriages, so far as England was concerned, and henceforth couples had to fare to Gretna See also:Green (q.v.).
The Fleet Registers, consisting of " about two or three See also:hundred large registers " and about a thousand rough or " See also:pocket " books, eventually came into private hands, but were See also:purchased by the See also:government in 1821, and are now deposited in the office of the registrar-See also:general,, See also:Somerset House. Their See also:dates range from 1686 to 1754• In 184o they were declared not admissible as See also:evidence to prove a marriage.
End of Article: FLEET PRISON
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