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NOLA

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Originally appearing in Volume V19, Page 734 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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NOLA , a See also:

city and episcopal see of See also:Campania, See also:Italy, in the See also:province of See also:Caserta, pleasantly situated in the See also:plain between See also:Mount See also:Vesuvius and the See also:Apennines, 164 m. E.N.E. of See also:Naples, 121 ft. above See also:sea-level. Pop. (1901) 11,927 (See also:town); 14,511 (See also:commune). It is served by the See also:local railway from Naples to Baiano, and is 22 M. from Naples by the See also:main See also:line via Cancello. The more conspicuous buildings are the See also:ancient See also:Gothic See also:cathedral (restored in 1866, and again in 187o after the interior was destroyed by See also:fire), with its lofty See also:tower, the See also:cavalry See also:barracks, the ex-See also:convent of the See also:Capuchins at a little distance from the city, and the See also:seminary in which are preserved the famous Oscan inscription known as the See also:Cippus Abellanus (from Abella, the See also:modern See also:Avella, q.v.) and some Latin See also:inscriptions See also:relating to a treaty with Nola regarding a See also:joint See also:temple of See also:Hercules. Two fairs are held in Nola, on the 14th of See also:June and the 12th of See also:November; and the 26th of See also:July is devoted to a See also:great festival in See also:honour of St See also:Paulinus, one of the See also:early bishops of the city, who invented the See also:church See also:bell (campana, taking its name from Campania). The church erected by him in honour of St See also:Felix in the 4th See also:century is extant in See also:part. There is a See also:monument (restored in 1887) to See also:Giordano See also:Bruno, the See also:free-thinker, who was See also:born at Nola in 1548. Nola (NO^a) was one of the See also:oldest cities of Campania, variously said to have been founded by the Ausones, the Chalcidians and the Etruscans. The last-named were certainly in Nola about 500 B.C. At the See also:time when it sent assistance to Neapolis against the See also:Roman invasion (328 B.C.) it was probably occupied by Oscans in See also:alliance with the See also:Samnites.

The See also:

Romans made themselves masters of Nola in 313 B.C., and it was thenceforth faithful to See also:Rome. In the Second Punic See also:War it thrice bade See also:defiance to See also:Hannibal; but in the Social War it was betrayed into the hands of the Samnites, who kept See also:possession till See also:Marius, with whom they had sided, was defeated by See also:Sulla, who in 8o B.C. subjected it with the See also:rest of Samnium. Seven years later it was stormed by See also:Spartacus. Whatever See also:punishment Sulla may have inflicted, Nola, though it lost much of its importance, remained a See also:municipium with its own institutions and the use of the Oscan NOLLEKENS, See also:JOSEPH (1737—1823) See also:British sculptor, was born See also:language. It became a Roman See also:colony under See also:Augustus, who died at Nola. Sacked by Genseric in 455, and by the See also:Saracens in 8o6 and 904, captured by See also:Manfred in the 13th century, and damaged by earthquakes in the 15th and 16th, Nola lost much of its importance. The revolution of 1820 under See also:General See also:Pepe began at Nola. The sculptor Giovanni Marliano was a native of the city; and some of his See also:works are preserved in the cathedral. Nola See also:lay on the Via Popillia from See also:Capua to Nuceria and the See also:south, and a See also:branch road ran from it to Abella and Abellinum. See also:Mommsen (Corp. inscr. See also:Lat. x. 142) further states that roads must have run See also:direct from Nola to Neapolis and See also:Pompeii, but See also:Kiepert's See also:map annexed to the See also:volume does not indicate them.

In the days of its See also:

independence it issued an important See also:series of coins, and in luxury it vied with Capua. Its territory was very fertile, and this was the See also:principal source of its See also:wealth. A large number of vases of See also:Greek See also:style were manufactured here and have been found in the neighbourhood. Their material is of See also:pale yellow See also:clay with shining See also:black glaze, and they are decorated with skilfully See also:drawn red figures. Of the ancient city, which occupied the same site as the modern town, hardly any-thing is now visible, and the discoveries of the ancient See also:street See also:pavement have not been noted with sufficient care to enable us to recover the See also:plan. Numerous ruins, an See also:amphitheatre, still recognizable, a See also:theatre, a temple of Augustus, &c., existed in the 16th century, and have been since used for See also:building material. They are described by A. Leone, De Nola (See also:Venice, 1514). A few tombs of the Roman See also:period are preserved. The neighbourhood was divided into pagi, the names of some of which are preserved to us (Pagus Agrifanus, Capriculanus, Lanitanus). (T.

End of Article: NOLA

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