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VARLEY, JOHN (1778-1842)

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Originally appearing in Volume V27, Page 922 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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VARLEY, See also:JOHN (1778-1842) , See also:English See also:water-See also:colour painter, was See also:born at See also:Hackney, See also:London, on the 17th of See also:August 1778. His See also:father, a See also:man of scientific attainments and See also:tutor in the See also:family of See also:Lord See also:Stanhope, discouraged his leanings towards See also:art, and placed him under a silversmith. But on his See also:parent's See also:death Varley escaped from this uncongenial employment, and, after working with a portrait painter, engaged himself at the See also:age of sixteen to an architectural draughtsman, who took him on a provincial tour to See also:sketch the See also:principal buildings in the towns they visited. His spare See also:hours were employed in sketching from nature, and in the evenings he was permitted, like See also:Turner and See also:Girtin, to study in the See also:house of Dr See also:Munro. In 1798 he exhibited his first See also:work, a " View of See also:Peterborough See also:Cathedral," in the Royal See also:Academy. In 1799 he visited See also:North See also:Wales, and in its See also:wild See also:mountain scenery found the subjects best suited to his See also:brush. He returned to the same See also:district in 1800, and again in 1802, and the impressions then received powerfully influenced the whole course of his art. In 1804 he became a See also:foundation member of the Water-Colour Society, arid contributed over See also:forty See also:works to its first See also:exhibition. He had married in the previous See also:year; and, in See also:order to provide for the wants of an increasing family, he was obliged to produce for the dealers much work of a slight and See also:commonplace See also:character. He also taught See also:drawing, and some of his pupils, such as John See also:Linnell and See also:William See also:Hunt, afterwards became celebrated. He was a See also:firm believer in See also:astrology, skilful in casting horoscopes; and some curious instances were related of the truth of his predictions. It was at his house that his friend William See also:Blake sketched his celebrated " Visionary Heads." Varley died at London on the 17th of See also:November 1842.

Varley's landscapes are graceful and See also:

solemn in feeling, and See also:simple aad broad in treatment, being worked with a full brush and pure fresh transparent tints, usually without any admixture of See also:body-colour. Though his works are rather mannered and conventional, they are well considered and excellent in See also:composition. Some of his earlier water-See also:colours, including his " Views of the See also:Thames," were painted upon the spot, and possess greater individuality than his later productions, which are mainly compositions of mountain and See also:lake scenery, produced without See also:direct reference to nature. Among his See also:literary works are Zodiacal See also:Physiology (1828) ; Observations on Colour and Sketching from Nature (183o); A See also:Practical See also:Treatise an See also:Perspective, and Principles of Landscape See also:Design for See also:Young Artists.

End of Article: VARLEY, JOHN (1778-1842)

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