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See also:BLAKE, See also:ROBERT (1599-1657) , See also:English parliamentarian and See also:admiral, was See also:born at See also:Bridgwater in See also:Somersetshire. The See also:day of his See also:birth is not known, but he was baptized on the 27th of See also:September 1599. Blake was the eldest son of a well-to-do See also:merchant, and received his See also:early See also:education at the See also:grammar school of Bridgwater. In 1615 he was sent to See also:- OXFORD
- OXFORD, EARLS OF
- OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
- OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
- OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
- OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
- OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST
Oxford, entering at first St See also:Alban's See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
Hall, but removing afterwards to Wadham See also:College, then recently founded. He remained at the university till 1625, but failed to obtain any college preferment. Nothing is known of his See also:life with certainty for the next fifteen years. An See also:anonymous Dutch writer, in the Hollandische Mercurius (1652), represents him as saying that he had lived in See also:Schiedam " for five or six years " in his youth. He doubtless engaged in See also:trade, and apparently with success. When, after eleven years of kingship without parliaments, a See also:parliament was summoned to meet in See also:April 164.0, Blake was elected to represent his native See also:- BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
- BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)
borough, This parliament, named " the See also:Short," was dissolved in three See also:weeks, and the career of Blake as a politician was suspended. Two years later the inevitable conflict began. Blake declared for the Parliament, and served under See also:Sir See also:John See also:Horner. In 1643 he was entrusted with the command of one of the forts of See also:Bristol. This he stoutly held during the See also:siege of the See also:town by See also:Prince See also:Rupert, and earned the approval of parliament by refusing to surrender his See also:post till duly informed of the See also:capitulation. In 1644• he gained high distinction by the resolute See also:defence of Lyme in See also:Dorsetshire. The siege was raised on the 23rd of May, and on the 8th of See also:July Blake took See also:Taunton by surprise, and notwithstanding its imperfect defences and inadequate supplies,, held the town for the Parliament against two sieges by the Royalists until July 1645, when it was relieved by See also:Fairfax. In 1645 he re-entered parliament as member for Taunton, when the Royalist See also:Colonel See also:Windham was expelled.
He adhered to the See also:Parliamentary party after the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king's See also:death, and within a See also:month (See also:February 1649) was appointed, with Colonels See also:Dean and See also:Popham, to the command of the See also:fleet, under the See also:title of See also:General of the See also:Sea. In April he was sent in pursuit of Prince Rupert, who with the Royalist fleet had entered the See also:harbour of See also:Kinsale in See also:Ireland. There he blockaded the prince for six months; and when the latter, in want of provisions, and hopeless of See also:relief, succeeded in making his See also:- ESCAPE (in mid. Eng. eschape or escape, from the O. Fr. eschapper, modern echapper, and escaper, low Lat. escapium, from ex, out of, and cappa, cape, cloak; cf. for the sense development the Gr. iichueoOat, literally to put off one's clothes, hence to sli
escape with the fleet and in reaching the See also:Tagus, Blake followed him thither, and again blockaded him for some months. The king of See also:Portugal refusing permission for Blake to attack his enemy, the latter made See also:reprisals by falling on the Portuguese fleet, richly laden, returning from See also:Brazil. He captured seventeen See also:ships and burnt three, bringing his prizes See also:home without molestation. After revictualling his fleet, he sailed again, captured a See also:French See also:man-of-See also:war, and then pursued Prince Rupert, who had been asked to go away by the Portuguese and had entered the Mediterranean. In See also:November 165o Blake destroyed the bulk of the Royalist See also:squadron near See also:Cartagena. The thanks of parliament were voted to Blake, and he received a See also:- GRANT (from A.-Fr. graunter, O. Fr. greanter for creanter, popular Lat. creantare, for credentare, to entrust, Lat. credere, to believe, trust)
- GRANT, ANNE (1755-1838)
- GRANT, CHARLES (1746-1823)
- GRANT, GEORGE MONRO (1835–1902)
- GRANT, JAMES (1822–1887)
- GRANT, JAMES AUGUSTUS (1827–1892)
- GRANT, ROBERT (1814-1892)
- GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER
- GRANT, SIR FRANCIS (1803-1878)
- GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE (1808–1895)
- GRANT, SIR PATRICK (1804-1895)
- GRANT, U
- GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON (1822-1885)
grant of li000. He was continued in his See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office of admiral and general of the sea; and in May following he took, in See also:conjunction with See also:Ayscue, the Scilly Islands. For this service the thanks of parliament were again awarded him, and he was soon after made a member of the See also:council of See also:state.
In 1652 war See also:broke out with the Dutch, who had made See also:great preparations for the conflict. In See also:March the command of the fleet was given to Blake for nine months; and in the See also:middle of May the Dutch fleet of See also:forty-five ships, led by their great admiral See also:Tromp, appeared in the See also:Downs. Blake, who had only twenty ships, sailed to meet them, and the See also:battle took See also:place off See also:Dover on the loth of May. The Dutch were defeated in an engagement of four or five See also:hours, lost two ships, and withdrew under See also:cover of darkness. Attempts at See also:accommodation were made by the states, but they failed. Early in July war was formally declared,
and in the same month Blake captured a large See also:part of the Dutch See also:fishery-fleet and the twelve men-of-war that formed their See also:convoy. On the 28th of September Blake and See also:Penn again encountered the Dutch fleet, now commanded by De Ruyter and De Witt, off the Kentish Knock, defeated it, and chased it for two days. The Dutch took See also:refuge in See also:Goree. A third battle was fought near the end of November. By this See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time the ships under Blake's command had been reduced in number to forty, and nearly the See also:half of these were useless for want of See also:seamen.
Tromp, who had been reinstated in command, appeared in the Downs, with a fleet of eighty ships besides ten fireships. Blake, nevertheless, risked a battle off See also:Dungeness, but was defeated, and withdrew into the See also:Thames. The English fleet having been refitted, put to sea again in February 1653; and on the 18th Blake, at the See also:head of eighty ships, encountered Tromp in the Channel. The Dutch force, according to See also:Clarendon, numbered too ships of war, but according to the See also:official reports of the Dutch, only seventy. The battle was severe, and continued through three days, the Dutch, however, retreating, and taking refuge in the shallow See also:waters off the French See also:coast. In this See also:action Blake was severely wounded. The three English admirals put to sea again in May; and on the 3rd and 4th of See also:June another battle was fought near the See also:North See also:Foreland. On the first day Dean and See also:- MONK (O.Eng. munuc; this with the Teutonic forms, e.g. Du. monnik, Ger. Witch, and the Romanic, e.g. Fr. moine, Ital. monacho and Span. monje, are from the Lat. monachus, adaptedfrom Gr. µovaXos, one living alone, a solitary; Own, alone)
- MONK (or MONCK), GEORGE
- MONK, JAMES HENRY (1784-1856)
- MONK, MARIA (c. 1817—1850)
Monk were repulsed by Tromp; but on the second day the scales were turned by the arrival of Blake, and the Dutch retreated to the Texel.
See also:Ill-See also:health now compelled Blake to retire from the service for a time, and he did not appear again on the seas for about eighteen months; meanwhile he sat as a member of the Little Parliament (Barebones's). In November 1654 he was selected by See also:Cromwell to conduct a fleet to the Mediterranean to exact See also:compensation from the See also:duke of See also:Tuscany, the knights of See also:Malta, and the piratical states of North See also:Africa, for wrongs done to English merchants. This See also:mission he executed with his accustomed spirit and with See also:complete success. See also:Tunis alone dared to resist his demands, and Tunis paid the See also:penalty of the destruction of its two fortresses by English guns. In the See also:winter of 1655-1656, war being declared against See also:Spain, Blake was sent to cruise off See also:Cadiz and the neighbouring coasts, to intercept the See also:Spanish See also:shipping. One of his captains captured a part of the See also:Plate fleet in September 1656. In April 1657 Blake, then in very ill health, suffering from See also:dropsy and See also:scurvy, and anxious to have assistance in his arduous duties, heard that the Plate fleet See also:lay at See also:anchor in the See also:bay of See also:Santa Cruz, in the See also:island of See also:Teneriffe. The position was a very strong one, defended by a See also:castle and several forts with guns. Under the shelter of these lay a fleet of sixteen ships See also:drawn up in See also:crescent See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order. See also:Captain Stayner was ordered to enter the bay and fall on the fleet. This he did. Blake followed him. Broad-sides were poured into the castle and the forts at the same time; and soon nothing was See also:left but ruined walls and charred fragments of burnt ships. The See also:wind was blowing hard into the bay; but suddenly, and fortunately for the heroic Blake, it shifted, and carried him safely out to sea. " The whole action," says Clarendon, " was so incredible that all men who knew the place wondered that any sober man, with what courage soever endowed, would ever have undertaken it; and they could hardly persuade themselves to believe what they had done; while the Spaniards comforted themselves with the belief that they were devils and not men who had destroyed them in such a manner." The English lost one See also:ship and 200 men killed and wounded. The thanks of parliament were voted to See also:officers and men; and a very costly See also:jewel (See also:diamond See also:ring) was presented to Blake, " as a testimony," says Cromwell in his See also:letter of loth June, " of our own and the parliament's See also:good See also:acceptance of your See also:carriage in this action." " This was the last action of the brave Blake."
After again cruising for a time off Cadiz, his health failing more and more, he was compelled to make homewards before the summer was over. He died at sea, but within sight of Ply-mouth, on the 17th of See also:August 1657. His See also:body was brought to See also:London and embalmed, and after lying in state at See also:Greenwich See also:House was interred with great pomp and solemnity in See also:Westminster
See also:Abbey. , In 1661 See also:Charles II. ordered the See also:exhumation of Blake's body, with those of the See also:mother and daughter of Cromwell and several others. They were See also:cast out of the. abbey, and were reburied in the See also:churchyard of. St See also:Margaret's. " But that regard," says See also:- JOHNSON, ANDREW
- JOHNSON, ANDREW (1808–1875)
- JOHNSON, BENJAMIN (c. 1665-1742)
- JOHNSON, EASTMAN (1824–1906)
- JOHNSON, REVERDY (1796–1876)
- JOHNSON, RICHARD (1573–1659 ?)
- JOHNSON, RICHARD MENTOR (1781–1850)
- JOHNSON, SAMUEL (1709-1784)
- JOHNSON, SIR THOMAS (1664-1729)
- JOHNSON, SIR WILLIAM (1715–1774)
- JOHNSON, THOMAS
Johnson, " which was denied his body has been paid to his better remains,. his name and his memory. Nor has any writer dared to deny him the praise of intrepidity, honesty, contempt of See also:wealth, and love of his See also:country." Clarendon bears the following testimony to his excellence as a See also:commander:—" He was the first man that declined the old track, and made it apparent that the See also:science might be attained in less time than was imagined. He was the first man that brought ships to contemn castles on the See also:shore, which had ever been thought very formidable, but were discovered by him to make a See also:noise only, and to fright those who could be rarely hurt by them."
A life of Blake is included in the See also:work entitled Lives, English and See also:Foreign. Dr Johnson wrote a short life of him, and in 1852 appeared Hepworth See also:Dixon's See also:fuller narrative, Robert Blake, Admiral and General at Sea. Much new See also:matter for the See also:biography of Blake will be found in the Letters and Papers See also:Relating to the First Dutch War, edited by S. R.
End of Article: BLAKE, ROBERT (1599-1657)
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