Online Encyclopedia

Search over 40,000 articles from the original, classic Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th Edition.

PENN, WILLIAM (1621–1670)

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V21, Page 99 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
Spread the word: del.icio.us del.icio.us it!

See also:

PENN, See also:WILLIAM (1621–1670) , See also:British See also:admiral, was the son of See also:Giles Penn, See also:merchant and See also:seaman of See also:Bristol. He served his See also:apprenticeship at See also:sea with his See also:father. In the first See also:Civil See also:War he fought on the See also:side of the See also:parliament, and was in command of a See also:ship in the See also:squadron maintained against the See also:king in the Irish seas. The service was arduous and called for both See also:energy and See also:good See also:seamanship. In 1648 he was arrested and sent to See also:London, but was soon released, and sent back as See also:rear admiral in the " Assurance " (32). The exact cause of the See also:arrest is unknown, but it may be presumed to have been that he was suspected of being in See also:correspondence with the king's supporters. It is highly probable that he was, for until the Restoration he was regularly in communication with the Royalists, while serving the parliament, or See also:Cromwell, so See also:long as their service was profitable, and making no See also:scruple of applying for grants of the confiscated lands of the king's Irish See also:friends. The See also:character of " mean See also:fellow " given him by See also:Pepys is See also:borne out by much that is otherwise known of him. But it is no less certain that he was an excellent seaman and a good fighter. After 165o he was employed in the Ocean, and in the Mediterranean in pursuit of the Royalists under See also:Prince See also:Rupert. He was so active on this service that when he returned See also:home on the 18th of See also:March 1651 he could boast that he had not put See also:foot on See also:shore for more than a See also:year. When the first Dutch War See also:broke out Penn was appointed See also:vice-admiral to See also:Blake, and was See also:present at the See also:battle of the 28th of See also:September off the Kentish Knock.

In the three days' battle off See also:

Portland, See also:February 16J3, he commanded the See also:Blue squadron, and he also served with distinction in the final battles of the war in See also:June and See also:July. In See also:December he was included in the See also:commission of admirals and generals at sea, who exercised the military command of the See also:fleet, as well as " one of the commissioners for ordering and managing the affairs of the See also:admiralty and See also:navy." In 1654 he offered to carry the fleet over to the king, but in See also:October ofthe same year he had no scruple in accepting the See also:naval command in the expedition to the See also:West Indies sent out by Cromwell, which conquered See also:Jamaica. He was not responsible for the shameful repulse at See also:San Domingo, which was due to a panic among the troops. On their return he and his military colleague Venables were sent to the See also:Tower. He made humble submission, and when released retired to the See also:estate he had received from confiscated See also:land in See also:Ireland. He continued in communication with the Royalists, and in 166o had a rather obscure See also:share in the Restoration. He was reappointed See also:commissioner of the navy by the king, and in the second Dutch War served as " See also:great See also:captain See also:commander" or captain of the fleet, with the See also:duke of See also:York (afterwards King See also:James II.) at the battle of See also:Lowestoft (June 3, 1665). When the duke withdrew from the command, Penn's active service ceased. He continued however to be a commissioner of the navy. His See also:death occurred on the 16th of September 1670, and he was buried in the See also:church of St See also:Mary Redcliffe, Bristol. His portrait by See also:Lely is in the Painted See also:Hall at See also:Greenwich. By his wife See also:Margaret See also:Jasper, he was the father of William Penn, the founder of See also:Pennsylvania.

Though See also:

Sir William Penn was not a high-minded See also:man, he is a figure of considerable importance in British naval See also:history. As admiral and See also:general for the parliament he helped in 1653 to draw up the first See also:code of See also:tactics provided for the navy. It was the See also:base of the " Duke of York's Sailing and Fighting Instructions," which continued for long to See also:supply the orthodox See also:tactical creed of the navy. See the Memorials of the Professional See also:Life and Times of Sir William Penn, by See also:Granville Penn. (D.

End of Article: PENN, WILLIAM (1621–1670)

Additional information and Comments

There are no comments yet for this article.
» Add information or comments to this article.
Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML.
Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.

Links to articles and home page are always encouraged.

[back]
PENN YAN
[next]
PENN, WILLIAM (1644-1718)