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ABERDARE, HENRY AUSTIN BRUCE

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Originally appearing in Volume V01, Page 45 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ABERDARE, See also:HENRY See also:AUSTIN See also:BRUCE , 1sI $~xoxi (1$;S''' 1895), See also:English statesman, was See also:born at Duffryn, Aberdare, See also:Glamorganshire, on the 16th of See also:April 1815, the son of See also:John Bruce, a Glamorganshire landowner. John Bruce's See also:original See also:family name was See also:Knight, but on coming of See also:age in 1805 he assumed the name of Bruce, his See also:mother, through whom he inherited the Duffryn See also:estate, having been the daughter of See also:William Bruce, high See also:sheriff of Glamorganshire. Henry Austin Bruce was educated at See also:Swansea See also:grammar school, and in 1837 was called to the See also:bar. Shortly after he had begun to practise, the See also:discovery of See also:coal beneath the Duffryn and other Aberdare Valley estates brought the family See also:great See also:wealth. From 1847 to 1852 he was stipendiary See also:magistrate for Merthyr Tydvil and Aberdare, resigning the position in the latter See also:year, when he entered See also:parliament as Liberal member for Merthyr Tydvil. In 1862 he became under-secretary for the See also:home See also:department, and in 1869, after losing his seat at Merthyr Tydvil, but being re-elected for See also:Renfrewshire, he was made home secretary by W. E. See also:Gladstone. His See also:tenure of this See also:office was conspicuous for a reform of the licensing See also:laws, and he was responsible for the Licensing See also:Act of 1872, which constituted the magistrates the licensing authority, increased the penalties for misconduct in public-houses and shortened the number of See also:hours for the See also:sale of drink. In 1873 he relinquished the home secretaryship, at Gladstone's See also:request, to become See also:lord See also:president of the See also:council, and was almost .6imultaneously raised to the See also:peerage as See also:Baron Aberdare. The defeat of the Liberal See also:government in the following year terminated Lord Aberdare's See also:official See also:political See also:life, and he subsequently ,devoted himself to social, educational and economic questions. In 1876 he was elected F.R.S:; from 1878 to 1892 he was president of the Royal See also:Historical Society; and in 1881 he became president of the Royal See also:Geographical Society.

In 1882 he began a connexion with See also:

West See also:Africa which lasted the See also:rest of his life, by accepting the chairmanship of the See also:National See also:African See also:Company, formed by See also:Sir See also:George Taubman See also:Goldie, which in 1886 received a See also:charter under the See also:title of the Royal See also:Niger Company and in 1899 was taken over by the See also:British government, its territories being constituted the See also:protectorate of See also:Nigeria. West African affairs, however, by no means exhausted Lord Aberdare's energies, and it was principally through his efforts that a charter was in 1894 obtained for the university of See also:Wales at See also:Cardiff. Lord Aberdare, who in 1885 was made a G.C.B., presided over several Royal Commissions at different times. He died in See also:London on the 25th of See also:February 1895. His second wife was the daughter of Sir William See also:Napier, the historian of the See also:Peninsular See also:war, whose Life he edited.

End of Article: ABERDARE, HENRY AUSTIN BRUCE

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