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CAIN , in the See also:Bible, the eldest son of See also:Adam and See also:Eve (Gen. iv.), was a tiller of the ground, whilst his younger See also:brother, See also:Abel, was a keeper of See also:sheep. Enraged because the See also:Lord accepted Abel's offering, and rejected his own, he slew his brother in the See also:- FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
- FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
- FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
- FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
- FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
- FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
- FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
- FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
- FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
- FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
- FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)
field (see ABEL). For this a curse was pronounced upon him, and he was condemned to be a "fugitive and a wanderer" on the See also:earth, a See also:mark being set upon him " lest any finding him should kill him." He took up his See also:abode in the See also:land of Nod (" wandering ") on the See also:east of See also:Eden, where he built a See also:city, which he named after his son See also:Enoch. The narrative presents a number of difficulties, which See also:early commentators sought to solve with more ingenuity than success. But when it is granted that the See also:ancient See also:Hebrews, like other See also:primitive peoples, had their own mythical and traditional figures, the See also:story of Cain becomes less obscure. The mark set upon Cain is usually regarded as some tribal mark or sign analogous to the See also:cattle marks of Bedouin and the related usages in See also:Europe. Such marks had often a religious significance, and denoted that the See also:bearer was a follower of a particular deity. The See also:suggestion has been made that the name Cain is the eponym of the See also:Kenites, and although this See also:clan has a See also:good name almost everywhere in the Old Testament, yet in Num. See also:xxiv. 22 its destruction is foretold, and the See also:Amalekites, of whom they formed a See also:division, are consistently represented as the inveterate enemies of Yahweh and of his See also:people See also:Israel. The story of Cain and Abel, which appears to represent the See also:nomad See also:life as a curse, may be. an See also:attempt to explain the origin of an existence which in the eyes of the settled agriculturist was one of continual restlessness, whilst at the same See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time it endeavours to find a See also:reason for the institution of See also:blood-revenge on the theory that at some remote See also:age a See also:man (or tribe) had killed his brother (or brother tribe). Cain's subsequent See also:founding of a city finds a parallel in the See also:legend of the origin of See also:Rome through the swarms of outlaws and broken men of all kinds whom See also:Romulus attracted thither. The See also:list of Cain's descendants reflects the old view of the beginnings of See also:civilization; it is thrown into the See also:form of a See also:genealogy and is parallel to Gen. v. (see See also:GENESIS). It finds its See also:analogy in the Phoenician See also:account of the origin of different inventions which See also:Eusebius (Praep. Evang. i. to) quotes from See also:Philo of Byblus (Gebal), and probably both go back to a See also:common Babylonian origin.
On this question, see See also:Driver, Genesis (See also:Westminster See also:Comm., See also:London, 1904), p. 8o seq. ; A. Jeremias, Alte Test. See also:im Lichte d. See also:- ALLEN, BOG OF
- ALLEN, ETHAN (1739–1789)
- ALLEN, GRANT CHARLES GRANT BLAIRFINDIEI, (1848–1899)
- ALLEN, JAMES LANE (1850– )
- ALLEN, JOHN (1476–1534)
- ALLEN, or ALLEYN, THOMAS (1542-1632)
- ALLEN, WILLIAM (1532-1594)
- ALLEN, WILLIAM FRANCIS (183o-1889)
Allen Orients (See also:Leipzig, 1906), pp. 220 seq. ; also ENOCH, See also:LAMECH. On the story of Cain, see especially See also:Stade,A kademische Reden, pp.229-273 ; Ed. See also:Meyer, Israeliten, pp. 395 sqq,; A. R. See also:Gordon, Early Trad. Genesis (See also:Index). See also:Literary See also:criticism (see See also:Cheyne, Encycl. Bib. See also:col. 62o-628, and 4411-4417) has made it extremely probable that Cain the nomad and outlaw (Gen. iv. 1-i6) was originally distinct from Cain the city-builder (vv. 17 sqq.). The latter was perhaps regarded as a " See also:- SMITH
- SMITH, ADAM (1723–1790)
- SMITH, ALEXANDER (183o-1867)
- SMITH, ANDREW JACKSON (1815-1897)
- SMITH, CHARLES EMORY (1842–1908)
- SMITH, CHARLES FERGUSON (1807–1862)
- SMITH, CHARLOTTE (1749-1806)
- SMITH, COLVIN (1795—1875)
- SMITH, EDMUND KIRBY (1824-1893)
- SMITH, G
- SMITH, GEORGE (1789-1846)
- SMITH, GEORGE (184o-1876)
- SMITH, GEORGE ADAM (1856- )
- SMITH, GERRIT (1797–1874)
- SMITH, GOLDWIN (1823-191o)
- SMITH, HENRY BOYNTON (1815-1877)
- SMITH, HENRY JOHN STEPHEN (1826-1883)
- SMITH, HENRY PRESERVED (1847– )
- SMITH, JAMES (1775–1839)
- SMITH, JOHN (1579-1631)
- SMITH, JOHN RAPHAEL (1752–1812)
- SMITH, JOSEPH, JR
- SMITH, MORGAN LEWIS (1822–1874)
- SMITH, RICHARD BAIRD (1818-1861)
- SMITH, ROBERT (1689-1768)
- SMITH, SIR HENRY GEORGE WAKELYN
- SMITH, SIR THOMAS (1513-1577)
- SMITH, SIR WILLIAM (1813-1893)
- SMITH, SIR WILLIAM SIDNEY (1764-1840)
- SMITH, SYDNEY (1771-1845)
- SMITH, THOMAS SOUTHWOOD (1788-1861)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (1769-1839)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (c. 1730-1819)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (fl. 1596)
- SMITH, WILLIAM FARRAR (1824—1903)
- SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1808—1872)
- SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1825—1891)
- SMITH, WILLIAM ROBERTSON (1846-'894)
smith," cp. v. 22 where Tubal-cain is the " See also:father " of those whowork in See also:bronze (or See also:copper). That the Kenites, too, were a See also:race of See also:- METAL
- METAL (through Fr. from Lat. metallum, mine, quarry, adapted from Gr. µATaXAov, in the same sense, probably connected with ,ueraAAdv, to search after, explore, µeTa, after, aAAos, other)
metal-workers is quite uncertain, although even at the_ See also:present See also:day the smiths in See also:Arabia form a distinct nomadic class. Whatever be the meaning of the name, the words put into Eve's mouth (v. 1) probably are not an See also:etymology, but an assonance (Driver). It is noteworthy that Kenan, son of Enosh (" man," Gen. v. 9), appears in Sabaean See also:inscriptions of See also:South Arabia as the name of a tribal-See also:god.
A Gnostic See also:sect of the 2nd See also:century was known by the name of Cainites. They are first mentioned by Irenaens, who connects them with the Valentinians. They believed that Cain derived his existence from the See also:superior See also:power, and Abel from the inferior power, and that in this respect he was the first of a See also:line which included See also:Esau, Korah, the Sodomites and Judas Iscariot. (S. A.
End of Article: CAIN
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