Online Encyclopedia

Search over 40,000 articles from the original, classic Encyclopedia Britannica, 11th Edition.

DICKINSON, JOHN (1732–1808)

Online Encyclopedia
Originally appearing in Volume V08, Page 184 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
Spread the word: del.icio.us del.icio.us it!

See also:

DICKINSON, See also:JOHN (1732–1808) , See also:American statesman and pamphleteer, was See also:born in See also:Talbot See also:county, See also:Maryland, on the 8th of See also:November 1732. He removed with his See also:father to See also:Kent county, See also:Delaware, in 1740, studied under private tutors, read See also:law, and in 1753 entered the See also:Middle See also:Temple, See also:London. Returning to See also:America in 1757, he began the practice of law in See also:Philadelphia, was See also:speaker of the Delaware See also:assembly in 176o, and was a member of the See also:Pennsylvania assembly in 1762–1765 and again in 1770-1776.1 He represented Pennsylvania in the See also:Stamp See also:Act See also:Congress (1765) and in the See also:Continental Congress from 1774 to 1776, when he was defeated owing to his opposition to the See also:Declaration of See also:Independence. He then retired to Delaware, served for a See also:time as private and later as brigader-See also:general in the See also:state See also:militia, and was again a member of the Continental Congress (from Delaware) in 1779-1780. He was See also:president of the executive See also:council, or See also:chief executive officer, of Delaware in 1781-1782, and of Pennsylvania in 1782-1785, and was a delegate from Delaware to the See also:Annapolis See also:convention of 1786 and the Federal Constitutional convention of 1787. Dickinson has aptly been called the "Penman of the Revolution." No other writer of the See also:day presented arguments so numerous, so timely and so popular. He drafted the " Declaration of Rights " of the Stamp Act Congress, the " See also:Petition to the See also:King " and the " Address to the Inhabitants of See also:Quebec " of the Congress of 1774, and the second " Petition to the King "2 and the " Articles of See also:Confederation " of the second Congress. Most influential of all, however, were The Letters of a See also:Farmer in Pennsylvania, written in 1767–1768 in condemnation of the See also:Townshend Acts of 1767, in which he rejected speculative natural rights theories and appealed to the See also:common sense of the See also:people through See also:simple legal arguments. By opposing the Declaration of Independence, he lost his popularity and was never able entirely to regain it. As the representative of a small state, he championed the principle of state equality in the constitutional convention, but was one of the first to See also:advocate the See also:compromise, which was finally adopted, providing for equal See also:representation, in one See also:house and proportional representation in the other. He was probably influenced by Delaware See also:prejudice against Pennsylvania when he drafted the clause which forbids the creation of a new state by the junction of two or more states or parts of states without the consent of the states concerned as well as of congress. After the See also:adjournment of the convention he defended its See also:work in a See also:series of letters signed " See also:Fabius," which will See also:bear comparison with the best of the Federalist productions.

It was largely through his See also:

influence that Delaware and Pennsylvania were the first two states to ratify the Constitution. Dickinson's interests were not exclusively See also:political. He helped to found Dickinson See also:College (named in his See also:honour) at See also:Carlisle, Pennsylvania, in 1783, was the first president of its See also:board of 1 Being under the same proprietor and the same See also:governor, Pennsylvania and Delaware were so closely connected before the Revolution that there was an interchange of public men. ' The " Declaration of the See also:United Colonies of See also:North America . . setting forth the Causes and the See also:Necessity of their Taking up Arms (often erroneously attributed to See also:Thomas See also:Jefferson).-See also:DICKSON, J. R. trustees, and was for many years its chief benefactor. He died on the 14th of See also:February 18o8 and was buried in the See also:Friends' See also:burial ground in See also:Wilmington, Del. See C. J. Stille, See also:Life and Times of John Dickinson, and P. L.

See also:

Ford (editor), The Writings of John Dickinson, in vols. xiii. and xiv. respectively of the See also:Memoirs of the See also:Historical Society of Pennsylvania (Philadelphia, 1891 and 1895).

End of Article: DICKINSON, JOHN (1732–1808)

Additional information and Comments

There are no comments yet for this article.
» Add information or comments to this article.
Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML.
Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.

Links to articles and home page are always encouraged.

[back]
DICKINSON, ANNA ELIZABETH (1842– )
[next]
DICKSON, SIR ALEXANDER (1777–1840)