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See also:GOLDONI, CARLO (1707-1793) , See also:Italian dramatist, the real founder of See also:modern Italian See also:comedy, was See also:born at See also:Venice, on the 25th of See also:February 1707, in a See also:fine See also:house near St See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
Thomas's See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church. His See also:father Giulio was a native of See also:Modena. The first playthings of the future writer were puppets which he made See also:dance; the first books he read were plays,—among others, the comedies of the Florentine Cicognini. Later he received a still stronger impression from the Mandragora of See also:Machiavelli, At eight years old he had tried to See also:sketch a See also:play. His father, meanwhile, had taken his degree in See also:medicine at See also:Rome and fixed himself at See also:Perugia, where he made his son join him; but, having soon quarrelled with his colleagues in medicine, he departed for See also:Chioggia, leaving his son to the care of a philosopher, See also:Professor Caldini of See also:Rimini. The See also:young Goldoni soon See also:grew tired of his See also:life at Rimini, and ran away with a Venetian See also:company of players. He began to study See also:law at Venice, then went to continue the same pursuit at See also:Pavia, but at that See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time he was studying the See also:Greek and Latin comic poets much more and much better than books about law. " I have read over again," he writes in his own See also:Memoirs, "the Greek and Latin poets, and I have told to myself that I should like to imitate them in their See also:style, their plots, their precision; but I would not be satisfied unless I succeeded in giving more See also:interest to my See also:works, happier issues to my plots, better See also:drawn characters and more genuine comedy." For a See also:satire entitled Il Colosso, which attacked the See also:honour of several families of Pavia, he was driven from that See also:town, and went first to study with the jurisconsult See also:Morelli at See also:Udine, then to take his degree in law at Modena. After having worked some time as clerk in the chanceries of Chioggia and See also:Feltre, his father being dead, he went to Venice, to exercise there his profession as a lawyer. But the wish to write for the See also:stage was always strong in him, and he tried to do so; he made, however, a See also:mistake in his choice, and began with a tragedy, Amalasunta, which was represented at See also:Milan and proved a failure. In 1734 he wrote another tragedy, Belisario, which, though not much better, chanced nevertheless to please the public. This first success encouraged him to write other tragedies, some of which were well received; but the author himself saw clearly that he had not yet found his proper See also:sphere, and that a See also:radical dramatic reform was absolutely necessary for the stage. He wished to create a characteristic comedy in See also:Italy, to follow the example of See also:Moliere, and to delineate the realities of social life in as natural a manner as possible. His first See also:essay of this See also:kind was Momolo Cortesan (Momolo the Courtier), written in the Venetian See also:dialect, and based on his own experience. Other plays followed—some interesting from their subject, others from the characters; the best of that See also:period are—Le Trentadue Disgrazie d' Arlecchino, La Notte critica, La Bancarotta, La Donna di Garbo. Having, while See also:consul of See also:Genoa at Venice, been cheated by a See also:captain of See also:Ragusa, he founded on this his play L'Impostore. At See also:Leghorn he made the acquaintance of the comedian Medebac, and followed him to Venice, with his company,for which he began to write his best plays. Once he premised to write sixteen comedies in a See also:year, and kept his word; among the sixteen are some of his very best, such as Il Cafe, Il Bugiardo, La Pamela. When he See also:left the company of Medebac, he passed over to that maintained by the patrician Vendramin, continuing to write with the greatest facility. In 1761 he was called to See also:Paris, and before leaving Venice he wrote Una delle ultime sere di Carnevale (One of the Last Nights of See also:Carnival), an allegorical comedy in which he said See also:good-bye to his See also:country. At the end of the See also:representation of this play, the See also:theatre resounded with See also:applause, and with shouts expressive of good wishes. Goldoni, at this See also:- PROOF (in M. Eng. preove, proeve, preve, &°c., from O. Fr . prueve, proeve, &c., mod. preuve, Late. Lat. proba, probate, to prove, to test the goodness of anything, probus, good)
proof of public sympathy, wept as a See also:child. At Paris, during two years, he wrote comedies for the Italian actors; then he taught Italian to the royal princesses; and for the See also:wedding of See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis XVI. and of See also:Marie Antoinette he wrote in See also:French one of his best comedies, Le Bourru bienfaisant, which was a See also:great success. When he retired from Paris to See also:Versailles, the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king made him a See also:gift of 6000 francs, and fixed on him an See also:annual See also:pension of 1200 francs. It was at Versailles he wrote his Memoirs, which occupied him till he reached his eightieth year. The Revolution deprived him all at once of his modest pension, and reduced him to extreme misery; he dragged on his unfortunat& existence till 1793, and died on the 6th of February. The See also:day after, on the proposal of See also:Andre See also:Chenier, the See also:Convention agreed to give the pension back to the poet; and as he had already died, a reduced See also:allowance was granted to his widow.
The best comedies of Goldoni are: La Donna di Garbo, La Bottega di Caffe, Pamela nubile, Le Baruffe chiozzotte, I Rusteghi, Todero Bronlolon, Gli Innamorati, Il Ventaglio, Il Bugiardo, La Casa nova, Il Burbero benefico, La Locandiera. A collected edition (Venice, 1788) was republished at See also:Florence in 1827. See P. G. Molmenti, Carlo Goldoni (Venice, 1875) ; Rabany, Carlo Goldoni (Paris, 1896). The Memoirs were translated into See also:English by See also:John See also:Black (See also:Boston, 1877), with See also:preface by W. D. See also:Howells.
End of Article: GOLDONI, CARLO (1707-1793)
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