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See also:GROS, See also:ANTOINE See also:JEAN, See also:BARON (1771–1835) , See also:French painter, was See also:born at See also:Paris in 1771. His See also:father, who was a See also:miniature painter, began to See also:teach him to draw at the See also:age of six, and showed himself from the first an exacting See also:master. Towards the See also:close of 1785 Gros, by his own choice, entered the studio of See also:David, which he frequented assiduously, continuing at the same See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time to follow the classes of the See also:College See also:Mazarin. The See also:death of his father, whose circumstances had been embarrassed by the Revolution, threw Gros, in 1791, upon his own resources. He now devoted himself wholly to his profession, and competed in 1792 for the See also:grand prix, but unsuccessfully. About this time, how-ever, on the recommendation of the Ecole See also:des See also:Beaux Arts, he was employed on the See also:execution of portraits of the members of the See also:Convention, and when—disturbed by the development of the Revolution—Gros in 1793 See also:left See also:France for See also:Italy, he supported himself at See also:Genoa by the same means, producing a See also:great quantity of miniatures and fixes. He visited See also:Florence, but returning to Genoa made the acquaintance of See also:Josephine, and followed her to See also:Milan, where he was well received by her See also:husband. On See also:November 15, 1796, Gros was See also:present with the See also:army near See also:Arcola when See also:Bonaparte planted the tricolor on the See also:bridge. Gros seized on this incident, and showed by his treatment of it that he had found his vocation. Bonaparte at once gave him the See also:post of " inspecteur aux revues," which enabled him to follow the army, and in 1797 nominated him on the See also:commission charged to select the spoils which should enrich the Louvre. In 1799, having escaped from the besieged See also:city of Genoa, Gros made his way to Paris, and in the beginning of 18o1 took up his quarters in the Capucins. His " esquisse " (Musee de See also:Nantes) of the " See also:Battle of See also:Nazareth" gained the See also:prize offered in 1802 by the consuls, but was not carried out, owing it is said to the See also:jealousy of See also:Junot See also:felt by See also:Napoleon; but he indemnified Gros by commissioning him to paint his own visit to the pest-See also:house of Jaffa. " See also:Les Pestiferes de Jaffa " (Louvre) was followed by the " Battle of See also:Aboukir " 18o6 (See also:Versailles), and the " Battle of See also:Eylau," 18o8 (Louvre). These three subjects—the popular See also:leader facing the pestilence unmoved, challenging the splendid instant of victory, See also:heart-sick with the See also:bitter cost of a hard-won See also:- FIELD (a word common to many West German languages, cf. Ger. Feld, Dutch veld, possibly cognate with O.E. f olde, the earth, and ultimately with root of the Gr. irAaror, broad)
- FIELD, CYRUS WEST (1819-1892)
- FIELD, DAVID DUDLEY (18o5-1894)
- FIELD, EUGENE (1850-1895)
- FIELD, FREDERICK (18o1—1885)
- FIELD, HENRY MARTYN (1822-1907)
- FIELD, JOHN (1782—1837)
- FIELD, MARSHALL (183 1906)
- FIELD, NATHAN (1587—1633)
- FIELD, STEPHEN JOHNSON (1816-1899)
- FIELD, WILLIAM VENTRIS FIELD, BARON (1813-1907)
field—gave to Gros his See also:chief See also:title to fame. As See also:long as the military See also:element remained See also:bound up with French See also:national See also:life, Gros received from it a fresh and energetic See also:inspiration which carried him to the very heart of the events which he depicted; but as the army .and its See also:general separated from the See also:people, Gros, called on to illustrate episodes representative only of the fulfilment of See also:personal ambition, ceased to find the nourishment necessary to his See also:genius, and the defect of his See also:artistic position became evident. Trained in the See also:sect of the Classicists, he was shackled by their rules, even when—by his naturalistic treatment of types, and See also:appeal to picturesque effect in See also:colour and See also:tone—he seemed to run See also:counter to them. In 1810 his " See also:Madrid." and "Napoleon at the Pyramids "(VersaiIles) show that his See also:star had deserted him. His " See also:Francis I." and " See also:Charles
V.," 1812 (Louvre), had considerable success; but the decoration of the See also:dome of St See also:Genevieve (begun in 1811 and completed in 1824) is the only See also:work of Gros's later years which shows his See also:early force and vigour, as well as his skill. The " Departure of See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis XVIII." (Versailles), the " Embarkation of Madame d'See also:Angouleme " (See also:Bordeaux), the plafond of the See also:Egyptian See also:room in the Louvre, and finally his " See also:Hercules and See also:Diomedes," exhibited in 1835, testify only that Gros's efforts—in accordance with the frequent counsels of his old master David—to See also:stem the rising See also:tide of Romanticism, served but to damage his once brilliant reputation. Exasperated by See also:criticism and the consciousness of failure, Gros sought See also:refuge in the grosser pleasures of life. On the 25th of See also:June 1835 he was found drowned on the shores of the See also:Seine near Sevres. From a See also:paper which he had placed in his See also:hat it became known that " See also:las de la See also:vie, et trahi See also:par les dernieres facultes qui ].a lui rendaient supportable, it avait resolu de s'en defaire." The number of Gros's pupils was very great, and was considerably augmented when, in 1815, David quitted Paris and made over his own classes to him. Gros was decorated and named baron of the See also:empire by Napoleon, after the See also:Salon of 18o8, at which he had exhibited the " Battle of Eylau." Under the Restoration he became a member of the See also:Institute, See also:professor at the Ecole des Beaux Arts, and was named See also:chevalier of the See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order of St See also:Michel.
M. Delecluze gives a brief See also:notice of his life in Louis David et son temps, and See also:Julius See also:Meyer's Geschichte der modernen franzosischen Malerei contains an excellent criticism on his See also:works.
End of Article: GROS, ANTOINE JEAN, BARON (1771–1835)
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