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ANGOULEME , a See also:city of See also:south-western See also:France, See also:capital of the See also:department of See also:Charente, 83 m. N.N.E. of See also:Bordeaux on the railway between Bordeaux and See also:Poitiers. . Pop. (1906) 30,040. The See also:town proper occupies an elevated promontory, washed on the See also:north by the Charente and on the south and See also:west by the Anguienne, a small tributary of that See also:river. The more important of the suburbs See also:lie towards the See also:east, where the promontory joins the See also:main See also:plateau, of which it forms the north-western extremity. The main See also:line of the See also:- ORLEANS
- ORLEANS, CHARLES, DUKE OF (1391-1465)
- ORLEANS, DUKES OF
- ORLEANS, FERDINAND PHILIP LOUIS CHARLES HENRY, DUKE OF (1810-1842)
- ORLEANS, HENRI, PRINCE
- ORLEANS, HENRIETTA, DUCHESS
- ORLEANS, JEAN BAPTISTE GASTON, DUKE
- ORLEANS, LOUIS
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE JOSEPH
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE ROBERT, DUKE
- ORLEANS, LOUIS PHILIPPE, DUKE OF (1725–1785)
- ORLEANS, LOUIS, DUKE OF (1372–1407)
- ORLEANS, PHILIP I
- ORLEANS, PHILIP II
Orleans railway passes through a See also:tunnel beneath the town. In See also:place of its See also:ancient fortifications Angouleme is encircled by boulevards known as the Ramparts, from which See also:fine views may be obtained in all directions. Within the town the streets are often dark and narrow, and, apart from the See also:cathedral and the hotel de ville, the See also:architecture is of little See also:interest. The cathedral of St See also:Pierre (see CATHEDRAL), a See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
church in the See also:Byzantine-Romanesque See also:style, See also:dates from the 11th and 12th centuries, but has undergone frequent restoration, and was partly rebuilt in the latter See also:half of the 19th See also:century by the architect See also:Paul Abadie. The See also:facade, flanked by two towers with cupolas, is decorated with arcades filled in with statuary and See also:sculpture, the whole representing the Last See also:Judgment. The See also:crossing is surmounted by a See also:dome, and the extremity of the north See also:transept by a fine square See also:tower over 16o ft. high. The hotel de ville, also by Abadie, is a handsome See also:modern structure, but preserves two towers of the See also:chateau of the See also:counts of Angouleme, on the site of which it is built. It contains museums of paintings and See also:archaeology. Angouleme is the seat of a See also:bishop, a See also:prefect, and a See also:court of assizes. Its public institutions include tribunals of first instance and of See also:commerce, a See also:council of See also:trade-arbitrators, a chamber of commerce and a See also:branch of the See also:Bank of France. It also has a lycee, training-colleges, a school of See also:artillery, a library and several learned See also:societies. It is a centre of the See also:paper-making See also:industry, with which the town has been connected since the 14th century. Most of the See also:mills are situated on the See also:banks of the watercourses in the neighbourhood of the town. The subsidiary See also:industries, such as the manufacture of machinery and See also:wire fabric, are of considerable importance. See also:Iron and See also:copper See also:founding, See also:brewing, tanning, and the manufacture of See also:gunpowder, See also:confectionery, heavy iron goods, gloves, boots and shoes and See also:cotton goods are also carried on. Commerce is carried on in See also:wine, See also:brandy and See also:building-See also:- STONE
- STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
- STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
- STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
- STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
- STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
- STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
- STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
- STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)
stone.
Angouleme (Iculisma) was taken by See also:Clovis from the Visigoths in 507, and plundered by the See also:Normans in the 9th century. In 136o it was surrendered by the See also:peace of Bretigny to the See also:English; they were, however, expelled in 1373 by the troops of See also:Charles V., who granted the town numerous privileges. It suffered much during the See also:Wars of See also:Religion, especially in 1568 after its See also:capture by the Protestants under See also:Coligny.
The countship of Angouleme dated from the 9th century, the most important of the See also:early counts being See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William Taillefer, whose descendants held the See also:title till the end of the 12th century. Withdrawn from them on more than one occasion by See also:Richard Coeur-de-See also:Lion, it passed to See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King See also:John of See also:England on his See also:marriage with See also:Isabel, daughter of See also:Count See also:Adhemar, and by her subsequent marriage in 1220 to See also:Hugh X. passed to the See also:Lusignan See also:family, counts of See also:Marche. On the See also:death of Hugh XIII. in 1302 without issue, his possessions passed to the See also:crown. In 1394 the countship came to the See also:house of Orleans, a member of which, See also:Francis I., became king of France in 1515 and raised it to the See also:rank of duchy in favour of his See also:mother See also:Louise of See also:Savoy. The duchy afterwards changed hands several times, one of its holders being Charles of See also:Valois, natural son of Charles IX. The last See also:duke was See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis-See also:Antoine, eldest son of Charles X., who died in 1844.
See A. F. Lievre, Angouleme: histoire, institutions et monuments (Angouleme, 1885).
End of Article: ANGOULEME
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