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See also:PECKHAM, See also:JOHN (d. 1292) , See also:archbishop of See also:Canterbury, was probably a native of See also:Sussex, and received his See also:early See also:education from the Cluniac monks of See also:Lewes. About 1250 he joined the Franciscan See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order and studied in their See also:- OXFORD
- OXFORD, EARLS OF
- OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
- OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
- OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
- OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
- OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST
Oxford See also:convent. Shortly afterwards he proceeded to the university of See also:Paris, where he took his degree under St Bonaventure and became See also:regent in See also:theology. For many years Peckham taught at Paris, coming into contact with the greatest scholars of the See also:day, among others St See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
Thomas See also:Aquinas. About 1270 he returned to Oxford and taught there, being elected in 1275 provincial See also:minister of the See also:Franciscans in See also:England, but he was soon afterwards called to See also:Rome as See also:lector sacri palatii, or theological lecturer in the See also:schools of the papal See also:palace. In 1279 he returned to England as archbishop of Canterbury, being appointed by the See also:pope on the rejection of See also:Robert See also:Burnell, See also:Edward I.'s See also:candidate. Peckham was always a strenuous See also:advocate of the papal See also:power, especially as shown in the See also:council of See also:Lyons in 1274. His enthronement in See also:October 1279 marks the beginning of an important See also:epoch in the See also:history of the See also:English primacy. Its characteristic See also:note was an insistence on discipline which offended contemporaries. Peckham's zeal was not tempered by discernment, and he had little See also:gift of sympathy or See also:imagination. His first See also:act on arrival in England was to See also:call a council at See also:Reading, which met in See also:July 1279. Its See also:main See also:object was ecclesiastical reform, but the See also:pro-See also:vision that a copy of Magna Carta should be hung in all See also:cathedral and collegiate churches seemed to the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king a See also:political See also:action, and See also:parliament declared void any action of this council touching on the royal power. Nevertheless Peckham's relations with the king were often cordial, and Edward called on him for help in bringing order into conquered See also:Wales. The See also:chief note of his activity was, however, certainly ecclesiastical. The See also:crime of " See also:plurality," the holding by one cleric of two or more benefices, was especially attacked, as also clerical See also:absenteeism and See also:ignorance, and laxity in the monastic See also:life. Peckham's main See also:instrument was a See also:minute See also:system of " visitation," which he used with a frequency hitherto unknown. Disputes resulted, and on some points Peckham gave way, but his See also:powers as papal See also:legate complicated matters, and he did much to strengthen the See also:court of Canterbury at the expense of the See also:lower courts. The famous See also:quarrel with St Thomas of See also:Cantilupe, See also:bishop of See also:Hereford, arose out of similar causes. A more attractive See also:side of Peckham's career is his activity as a writer. The numerous See also:manuscripts of his See also:works to be found in the See also:libraries of See also:Italy, England and See also:France, testify to his See also:industry as a philosopher and commentator. In See also:philosophy he represents the Franciscan school which attacked the teaching .of St Thomas Aquinas on the " Unity of See also:Form." He wrote in a See also:quaint and elaborate See also:style on scientific, scriptural and moral subjects and engaged in much controversy in See also:defence of the Franciscan See also:rule and practice. He was " an excellent maker of songs," and his See also:hymns are characterized by a lyrical tenderness which seems typically Franciscan. Printed examples of his See also:work as commentator and hymn writer respectively may be found in the Firamentum trium ordinum (Paris, 1512), and his See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office for Trinity See also:Sunday in the " unreformed " See also:breviary.
The chief authority on Peckham as archbishop of Canterbury, is the Regisirum fratris Johannis Peckham, edited by C. Trice See also:- MARTIN (Martinus)
- MARTIN, BON LOUIS HENRI (1810-1883)
- MARTIN, CLAUD (1735-1800)
- MARTIN, FRANCOIS XAVIER (1762-1846)
- MARTIN, HOMER DODGE (1836-1897)
- MARTIN, JOHN (1789-1854)
- MARTIN, LUTHER (1748-1826)
- MARTIN, SIR THEODORE (1816-1909)
- MARTIN, SIR WILLIAM FANSHAWE (1801–1895)
- MARTIN, ST (c. 316-400)
- MARTIN, WILLIAM (1767-1810)
Martin for the Rolls See also:Series (See also:London, 1882-1885). A sympathetic See also:account of his life as a Franciscan is to be found in L. See also:Wadding, Anna1es minorum (Lyons, 1625, 1654). See also the See also:article by C. L. See also:Kingsford in See also:Diet. Nat. Biog., and Wilkin's Concilia magnae Brilaxniae (London, 1737). (E.
End of Article: PECKHAM, JOHN (d. 1292)
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