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ROMNEY (NEw ROMNEY)

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 688 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ROMNEY (NEw ROMNEY) , a municipal See also:borough and one of the Cinque Ports in the See also:Ashford See also:parliamentary See also:division of See also:Kent, See also:England, 75 M. S.E. by E. of See also:London by the See also:South-Eastern & See also:Chatham railway. Pop. (1901) 1328. It lies in the open, See also:flat and See also:low See also:tract of Romney See also:Marsh, See also:part of a level extending from See also:Winchelsea in the south-See also:west to See also:Hythe in the See also:north-See also:east; which was within historic times in See also:great part covered by an estuarine inlet of the See also:sea. The See also:river Rother, which now has its mouth at See also:Rye See also:Harbour, formerly entered the sea here, but had its course wholly changed during a great See also:storm in 1287, and the See also:gradual See also:accretion of See also:land led to the decay, not only of Romney, but of Winchelsea and Rye as seaports. Romney Marsh itself, which extends north of New Romney, is protected by a seawall of great thickness, and its guardianship and drainage is in the hands of a See also:special See also:ancient See also:corporation. The level affords pasturage for vast flocks of See also:sheep. New Romney, which is now over a mile from the sea, has large sheep fairs, but little other See also:trade. Of the five churches mentioned here in the Domesday Survey only one remains, but this, dedicated to St See also:Nicholas, is a See also:rich See also:Norman See also:building with later additions. Its Norman west See also:tower is among the finest in England, and it has a beautiful Decorated east window with reticulated See also:tracery. New Romney, the name of which distinguishes it from the decayed See also:village of Old Romney, 2 m.

W., is governed by a See also:

mayor, 4 aldermen and twelve councillors. See also:Area, 1351 acres. LITTLESTONE-ON-SEA, on the See also:coast E. of New Romney, is in some favour as a seaside resort and has excellent See also:golf-links. Its See also:fine harbour was the cause of the See also:early importance of Romney (Romenal, Romenhall). The See also:annual See also:assembly of the Cinque Ports, called the Brodhull, was held here owing to its central position. At the See also:time of Domesday the See also:archbishop of See also:Canterbury and the See also:bishop of See also:Bayeux were See also:joint lords. Romney also owed maritime service to the See also:king, which consisted of sup-plying five See also:ships to serve for fifteen days in the See also:year. A See also:confirmation of liberties was granted by See also:John in 1205. The See also:town, which was a borough by See also:prescription, was governed " from time immemorial " by twelve jurats; a See also:bailiff was appointed by the archbishop, but the rights of the overlord seem to have been small, and in 1521 the inhabitants denied the bailiff the right of presiding with the jurats over their See also:court. See also:Elizabeth changed the See also:style of See also:incorporation to the mayor, jurats and commonalty, and another See also:charter was granted by See also:James II. in 1686, which remained the governing charter until 1835. The Cinque Portswere first summoned to See also:parliament in 1265; the first returns for Romney are for 1266; it returned two members until it was disfranchised in 1832.

End of Article: ROMNEY (NEw ROMNEY)

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ROMNEY, GEORGE (1734-1802)

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