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ROSSWEIN

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 754 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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ROSSWEIN , a See also:

town of See also:Germany, in the See also:kingdom of See also:Saxony, St See also:James's, completed in 1588, and the See also:church of the See also:Holy See also:Rood, situated on the Freiberger See also:Mulde, 46 m. S.E. from See also:Leipzig by begun in 1270. St See also:Mary's church contains a See also:monument marking the See also:original See also:tomb of See also:Hugo See also:Grotius, who died in See also:Rostock in 1645, though his remains were afterwards removed to See also:Delft. Among other interesting buildings are the curious 14th-See also:century See also:Gothic town See also:hall, the See also:facade of which is concealed by a See also:Renaissance addition; the See also:palace of the See also:grand See also:duke of See also:Mecklenburg-See also:Schwerin, built in 1702; the See also:law courts, built in 1878-79; the university buildings, erected in 1867-70; and an See also:assembly hall of the estates of Mecklenburg (Standehaus), a handsome Gothic See also:building erected in 1889-93. The university of Rostock was founded in 1418 by See also:Dukes Johann III. and Albrecht V. of Mecklenburg. From 1437 till 1443 it had its seat at Greifswald in consequence of commotions at Rostock; and in 176o it was again removed, on this occasion to Butzow. The professors appointed by the See also:city, however, still taught at Rostock, so that there were practically two See also:universities in the duchy until 1789, when they were reunited at the original seat. Rostock is the seat of the supreme See also:court for both the duchies of Mecklenburg, and is well equipped with See also:schools, hospitals, and other institutions. Although the See also:population, See also:commerce and See also:wealth of Rostock have declined since Hanse days, it has a considerable See also:trade, being the See also:chief commercial town of Mecklenburg and owning a considerable See also:fleet. Vessels See also:drawing 16 ft. of See also:water are able to get up to the wharves. By far the most important export is See also:grain, which goes almost entirely to See also:British ports; but See also:wool, See also:flax and See also:cattle are also shipped. The chief imports are See also:coal from See also:Great See also:Britain, See also:herrings from See also:Sweden, See also:petroleum from See also:America, See also:timber, See also:wine and colonial goods.

Rostock has an important See also:

fair at Whitsuntide, lasting for fourteen days, and also a frequented wool and cattle See also:market. The See also:industries of the town are varied. One of the chief is See also:shipbuilding. Machinery, chemicals, See also:sugar, See also:malt, See also:paper, musical See also:instruments, See also:cotton, See also:straw hats, See also:tobacco, carpets, See also:soap, playing See also:cards, See also:chocolate and dye-stuffs are among the manufactures. The town also contains distilleries, saw-See also:mills, oil-mills, tanneries, breweries and See also:electrical See also:works. See also:Local historians assert that a See also:village existed on the site of Rostock as See also:early as A.D. 329, but no certain proofs have been traced of any earlier community than that founded here in the 12th century, which is said to have received municipal rights in 1218. The earliest signs of commercial prosperity date from about 1260. For a See also:time Rostock was under the dominion of the See also:kings of See also:Denmark. Soon after returning under the See also:protection of Mecklenburg in the 14th century it joined the Hanseatic See also:League; and was one of the original members of the powerful Wendish Hansa, in which it exercised an See also:influence second only to that of See also:Lubeck. The most prosperous See also:epoch of its commercial See also:history began in the latter See also:half of the 15th century, precisely at the See also:period when its See also:political See also:power began to wane. Rostock, however, never entirely lost the See also:independence which it enjoyed as a Hanse town; and in 1788, as the result of See also:long contentions with the rulers of Mecklenburg, it secured for itself a See also:peculiar and liberal municipal constitution, administered by three burgomasters and three See also:chambers.

In 188o this constitution was somewhat modified, and the city became less like a See also:

state within a state. It has belonged to Mecklenburg-Schwerin since 1695; in 1712 it was taken by the Swedes, in 1715 by 'the Danes and in 1716 by the Russians. The badge of Rostock is the figure 7; and a local See also:rhyme ex-plains that there are 7 doors to St Mary's church, 7 streets from the market-See also:place, 7 See also:gates on the landward See also:side and 7 wharves on the seaward side of the town, 7 turrets on the town-hall, which has 7 bells, and 7 See also:linden trees in the See also:park. the railway via See also:Dobeln to See also:Dresden. Pop. (1905) 9297. It is famous for its technical schools, among which are one for builders, another for See also:furniture-makers, and a third for See also:iron-mongers. The industries are considerable, and include woollen and See also:cloth manufactures, See also:dyeing, See also:spinning, and the making of agricultural machinery, cigars, chemicals, bricks and iron goods. Rosswein is an old town, cloth-making being a flourishing See also:industry here in the 14th century. See C. V.

End of Article: ROSSWEIN

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