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RUVIGNY, HENRI DE MASSUE, MARQUIS DE

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Originally appearing in Volume V23, Page 946 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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RUVIGNY, See also:HENRI DE MASSUE, See also:MARQUIS DE , afterwards See also:EARL OF See also:GALWAY (1648-1720), was See also:born at See also:Paris on the 9th of See also:April 1648, and was the son of the 1st Marquis de Ruvigny, a distinguished See also:French diplomatist, and a relative of See also:Rachel, the wife of See also:Lord See also:William See also:Russell. He saw service under See also:Turenne, who thought very highly of him. Probably on See also:account of his See also:English connexions he was selected in 1678 by See also:Louis XIV. to carry out the See also:secret negotiations for a compact with See also:Charles II., a difficult See also:mission which he executed with See also:great skill. Succeeding his See also:father as " See also:general of the See also:Huguenots," he refused Louis's offer, at the revocation of the See also:Edict of See also:Nantes, to retain him in that See also:office, and in 169o, having gone into See also:exile with his See also:fellow Huguenots, he entered the service of William III. of See also:England as a See also:major-general, forfeiting thereby his French estates. In See also:July 1691 he distinguished himself at the See also:battle of See also:Aughrim, and in 1692 he was for a See also:time See also:commander-in-See also:chief in See also:Ireland. In See also:November of that See also:year he was created See also:Viscount Galway and See also:Baron See also:Portarlington, and received a large See also:grant of forfeited estates in Ireland. In 1693 he fought at See also:Neerwinden and was wounded, and in 1694, with the See also:rank of See also:lieutenant-general, he was sent to command a force in English pay which was to assist the See also:duke of See also:Savoy against the French, and at the same time to relieve the distressed Vaudois. But in 1695 the duke changed sides, the See also:Italian See also:peninsula was neutralized, and Galway's force was withdrawn to the See also:Netherlands. From 1697 to 1701, a See also:critical See also:period of Irish See also:history, the Earl of Galway (he was advanced to that rank in 1697) was practically in See also:control of Irish affairs as lord See also:justice of Ireland. After some years spent in retirement, he was appointed in 1704 to command the allied forces in See also:Portugal, a See also:post which he sustained with See also:honour and success until the battle of Almanza in 1707, in which Galway, in spite of care and skill on his own See also:part, wasdecisively defeated. But he scraped together a fresh See also:army, and, although infirm, was reappointed to his command by the See also:home See also:government. After taking part in one more See also:campaign, and distinguishing himself by his See also:personal bravery in See also:action, he retired from active See also:life.

His last service was rendered in 1715, when he was sent as one of the lords justices to Ireland during the Jacobite insurrection. As most of his See also:

property in Ireland had been restored to its former owners, and all his French estates had See also:long before been forfeited, See also:parliament voted him See also:pensions amounting to £1500 a year. He died unmarried on the 3rd of See also:September 1720.

End of Article: RUVIGNY, HENRI DE MASSUE, MARQUIS DE

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