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COLET, JOHN (1467?-1519)

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Originally appearing in Volume V06, Page 682 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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COLET, See also:JOHN (1467?-1519) , See also:English divine and educationist, the eldest son of See also:Sir See also:Henry Colet (See also:lord See also:mayor of See also:London 1486 and 1495), was See also:born in London about 1467. He was educated at St See also:Anthony's school and at Magdalen See also:College, See also:Oxford, where he took the M.A. degree in 149o. He already held the non-See also:resident rectory of Dennington, See also:Suffolk, and the vicarage of St See also:Dunstan's, See also:Stepney, and was now collated See also:rector of Thurning, Hunts. In 1493 he went to See also:Paris and thence to See also:Italy, studying See also:canon and See also:civil See also:law, patristics and the rudiments of See also:Greek. During his See also:residence abroad he became acquainted with Budaeus (See also:Guillaume Dude) and See also:Erasmus, and with the teaching of See also:Savonarola. On his return to See also:England in 1496 he took orders and settled at Oxford, where he lectured on the epistles of St See also:Paul, replacing the old scholastic method of See also:interpretation by an exegesis more in See also:harmony with the new learning. His methods did much to See also:influence Erasmus, who visited Oxford in 1498, and in after years Erasmus received an See also:annuity from him. Since 1494 he had been See also:prebendary of See also:York, and canon of St See also:Martin le See also:Grand, London. In 1502 he became prebendary of See also:Salisbury, in 1505 prebendary of St Paul's, and immediately afterwards See also:dean of the same See also:cathedral, having previously taken the degree of See also:doctor of divinity. Here he continued his practice of lecturing on the books of the See also:Bible; and he soon afterwards established a perpetual divinity lecture, on three days in each See also:week, in St Paul's See also:church. About the See also:year 15o8, having inherited his See also:father's large See also:wealth, Colet formed his See also:plan for the re-See also:foundation of St Paul's school, which he completed in 1512, and endowed with estates of an See also:annual value of £122 and upwards. The celebrated grammarian See also:William See also:Lilly was the first See also:master, and the See also:company of mercers were (in 1510) appointed trustees, the first example of non-clerical management in See also:education.

The dean's religious opinions were so much more liberal than those of the contemporary See also:

clergy (whose See also:ignorance and corruption he denounced) that they deemed him little better than a heretic; but William See also:Warham, the See also:archbishop, refused to prosecute him. Similarly Henry VIII. held him in high esteem despite his sermons against the See also:French See also:wars. In 1514 he made the See also:Canterbury See also:pilgrimage, and in 1515 preached at See also:Wolsey's See also:installation as See also:cardinal. Colet died of the sweating sickness on the rah of See also:September 1519. He was buried on the See also:south See also:side of the See also:choir of St Paul's, where a See also:stone was laid over his See also:grave, with no other inscription than his name. Besides the preferments above mentioned, he was rector of the gild of Jesus at St Paul's and See also:chaplain to Henry VIII. Colet, though never dreaming of a formal See also:breach with the See also:Roman Church, was a keen reformer, who disapproved of auricular See also:confession, and of the See also:celibacy of the clergy. Though no See also:great See also:scholar or writer, he was a powerful force in the England of his See also:day, and helped materially to disintegrate the See also:medieval conditions still obtaining, and to introduce the humanist See also:movement. Among his See also:works, which were first collectively published in 1867–1876, are Absolutissimus de octo orationis partium constructione libellus (See also:Antwerp, 153o), Rudimenta Grammatices (London, 1539), Daily Devotions, See also:Monition to a Godly See also:Life, Epistolae ad Erasmum, and commentaries on different parts of the Bible. See F. Seebohm, The Oxford Reformers; J. H.

Lupton, Life of John Colet (1887) ; See also:

art. in The Times, See also:July 7, 1909.

End of Article: COLET, JOHN (1467?-1519)

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