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EATON, WILLIAM (1764-1811)

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Originally appearing in Volume V08, Page 839 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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EATON, See also:WILLIAM (1764-1811) , See also:American soldier, was See also:born in See also:Woodstock, See also:Connecticut, on the 23rd of See also:February 1764. As a boy he served for a See also:short See also:time in the See also:Continental See also:army. He was a school teacher for several years, graduated at See also:Dartmouth See also:College in 1790, was clerk of the See also:lower See also:house of the See also:Vermont legislature in 1791-1792, and in 1792 re-entered the army as a See also:captain, later serving against the See also:Indians in See also:Ohio and See also:Georgia. In 1797 he was appointed See also:consul to See also:Tunis, where he arrived in February 1799. In See also:March 1799, with the consuls to See also:Tripoli and See also:Algiers, he negotiated alterations in the treaty of 1797 with Tunis. He rendered See also:great service to Danish merchantmen by buying on See also:credit several Danish prizes in Tunis and turning them over to their See also:original owners for the redemption of his notes. In 1803 he quarrelled with the See also:Bey, was ordered from the See also:country, and returned to the See also:United States to urge American intervention for the restoration of Ahmet Karamanli to the See also:throne of Tripoli, arguing that this would impress the See also:Barbary States with the See also:power of the United States. In 1804 he returned to the Mediterranean as United States See also:naval See also:agent to the Barbary States with Barron's See also:fleet. On the 23rd of February 18o5 he agreed with Ahmet that the United States should undertake to re-establish him in Tripoli, that the expenses of the expedition should be repaid to the United States by Ahmet, and that Eaton should be See also:general and See also:commander-in-See also:chief of the See also:land forces in Ahmet's See also:campaign; as the secretary of the See also:navy had given the entire See also:matter into the hands of See also:Commodore Barron, and as Barron and Tobias See also:Lear (1762-1816), the United States consul-general at Algiers and a See also:diplomatic agent to conduct negotiations, had been instructed to consider the advisability of making arrangements with the existing See also:government in Tripoli, Eaton far exceeded his authority. On the 8th of March he started for See also:Derna across the Libyan See also:desert from the Arab's See also:Tower, 40 M. W. of See also:Alexandria, with a force of about 500 men, including a few Americans, about 40 Greeks and some Arab See also:cavalry. In the march of nearly 600 m. the See also:camel-drivers and the Arab chiefs repeatedly mutinied, and Ahmet See also:Pasha once put himself at the See also:head of the See also:Arabs and ordered them to attack Eaton.

Ahmet more than once wished to give up the expedition. There were practically no provisions for the latter See also:

part of the march. On the 27th of See also:April with the assistance of three bombarding cruisers Eaton captured Derna—an exploit commemorated by See also:Whittier's poem Derne. On the 13th of May and on the loth of See also:June he successfully withstood the attacks of Tripolitan forces sent to dislodge him. On the 12th of June he abandoned the See also:town upon orders from Commodore See also:Rodgers, for Lear had made See also:peace (4th June) with Yussuf, the de facto Pasha of Tripoli. Eaton returned to the United States, and received a See also:grant of 1o,000 acres in See also:Maine from the See also:Massachusetts legislature. According to a deposition which he made in See also:January 1807 he was approached by See also:Aaron See also:Burr (q.v.), who attempted to enlist him in his " See also:conspiracy," and wished him to win over the marine See also:corps and to See also:sound Preble and See also:Decatur. As he received from the government, soon after making this deposition, about $ro,000 to liquidate claims for his expense in Tripoli, which he had See also:long pressed in vain, his See also:good faith has been doubted. At Burr's trial at See also:Richmond in 18o7 Eaton was one of the witnesses, but his testimony was unimportant. In May 18o7 he was elected a member of the Massachusetts House of Representatives, and served for one See also:term. He died on the 1st of June 181 in Brimfield, Massachusetts. See the anonymously published See also:Life of the See also:Late Gen.

William Eaton (Brookfield, Massachusetts, 1813) by See also:

Charles Prentiss; C. C. See also:Felton, " Life of William Eaton " in See also:Sparks's Library of American See also:Biography, vol. ix. (See also:Boston, 1838) ; and See also:Gardner W. See also:Allen's Our Navy and the Barbary Corsairs (Boston, 1905).

End of Article: EATON, WILLIAM (1764-1811)

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