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See also:ESTAING, See also:CHARLES See also:HECTOR, See also:COMTE D' (1729-1794), See also:French See also:admiral, was See also:born at the See also:chateau of Ruvel, See also:Auvergne,
in 1729. He entered the See also:army as a See also:colonel of See also:infantry, and in
1757 he accompanied See also:count de See also:Lally to the See also:East Indies, with the See also:rank of brigadier-See also:general. In 1759 he was made prisoner at the
See also:siege of See also:Madras, but was released on See also:parole. Before the ratification of his See also:exchange he obtained command of some vessels, and conducted various See also:naval attacks against the See also:English; and having, on his return to See also:France in 1760, fallen accidentally into their hands, he was, on the ground of having broken his parole, thrown into See also:prison at See also:Portsmouth, but as the See also:charge could not be properly substantiated he was soon afterwards released. In 1763 he was named See also:lieutenant-general in the See also:navy, and in 1777 See also:vice-admiral; and in 1778 he obtained the command of a See also:fleet intended to assist the See also:United States against See also:Great See also:Britain. He sailed on the 13th of See also:April, and between the 11th and the 22nd of See also:July, blockaded See also:Howe at Sandy See also:Hook, but did not venture to attack him, though greatly See also:superior in force. In See also:concert with the See also:American generals, he planned an attack on See also:Newport, preparatory to which he compelled the See also:British to destroy some See also:war vessels that were in the See also:harbour; but before the concerted attack could take See also:place, he put to See also:sea against the English fleet, under See also:Lord Howe, when owing to a violent See also:storm, which arose suddenly and compelled the two fleets to See also:separate before engaging in See also:battle, many of his vessels were so shattered that he found it necessary to put into See also:Boston for See also:repairs. He then sailed for the See also:West Indies on the 4th of See also:November. After a feeble See also:attempt to retake See also:Santa See also:Lucia from Admiral See also:Barrington, he captured St See also:Vincent and See also:Grenada. On the 6th of July 1779 he fought a See also:drawn battle with Admiral See also:John See also:Byron, who retired to St See also:Christopher. Though superior in force, D'Estaing would not attack the English in the roadstead, but set See also:sail to attack See also:Savannah. All his attempts, as well as those of the Americans, against the See also:town were repulsed with heavy loss, and he was finally compelled to retire. He returned to France in 1780. I-Ie was in command of the combined fleet before See also:Cadiz when the See also:peace was signed in 1783; but from that See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time his See also:chief See also:attention was devoted to politics. In 1787 he was elected to the See also:assembly of the notables; in 1789 he was appointed commandant of the See also:national guard; and in 1792 he was chosen admiral by the National Assembly. Though in favour of national reform he continued to cherish a strong feeling of See also:loyalty to the royal See also:family, and on the trial of See also:Marie Antoinette in 1793 See also:bore testimony in her favour. On this See also:account, and because of certain friendly letters which had passed between him and the See also:queen, he was himself brought to trial, and was executed
on the 28th of April 1794.
See Marina et soldats See also:francais en Amerique, by the Viscomte de See also:Noailles (1903) ; Beatson, Naval and Military See also:Memoirs of Great Britain, vol. v.
End of Article: ESTAING, CHARLES HECTOR, COMTE
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