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See also:NASMYTH, See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
JAMES (1808-1890) , Scottish engineer, was See also:born in See also:Edinburgh on the 19th of See also:August 1808, and was the youngest son of See also:Alexander Nasmyth, the "See also:father of Scottish landscape See also:art." He was sent to school in his native See also:city, and then attended classes in See also:chemistry, See also:mathematics and natural See also:philosophy at the university. From an See also:early See also:age he showed See also:great fondness for See also:mechanical pursuits, and the skill he attained in the See also:practical use of tools enabled him to make See also:models of engines, &c:, which found a ready See also:sale. In 1829 he obtained a position in See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry Maudslay's See also:works in See also:London, where he stayed two years, and then, in 1834, started business on his own See also:account in See also:Manchester. The beginnings were small, but they quickly See also:developed, and in a few years he was at the See also:head of the prosperous See also:Bridgewater foundry at Patricroft, from which he was able to retire in 1856 with a See also:fortune. The invention of the See also:steam-See also:hammer, with which his name is associated, was actually made in 1839, a See also:drawing of the See also:device appearing in his See also:note-See also:book, or " See also:- SCHEME (Lat. schema, Gr. oxfjya, figure, form, from the root axe, seen in exeiv, to have, hold, to be of such shape, form, &c.)
scheme-book;" as he called it, with the date 24th See also:November of that See also:year. It was designed to meet the difficulty experienced by the builders of the Great See also:Britain steamship in finding a See also:firm that would under-take to forge the large See also:paddle-See also:wheel See also:shaft required for that See also:vessel, but no See also:machine of the See also:kind was constructed till 1842. In that year Nasmyth discovered one in Schneiders' Creuzot works, and he found that the See also:design was his own and had been copied from his " scheme-book." His See also:title, therefore, to be called the inventor of the steam-hammer holds See also:good against the claims sometimes advanced in favour of the Schneiders, though apparently he was anticipated in the See also:idea by James See also:Watt. Nasmyth did much for the improvement of machine-tools, and his inventive See also:genius devised many new appliances—a planing-machine (" Nasmyth steam-See also:arm "), a See also:nut-shaping machine, steam See also:pile-See also:driver, See also:hydraulic machinery for various purposes, &c. In his retirement he lived at See also:Penshurst in See also:Kent, and amused himself with the study of See also:astronomy, and especially of the See also:- MOON (a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Mond, Du. maan, Dan. maane, &c., and cognate with such Indo-Germanic forms as Gr. µlip, Sans. ma's, Irish mi, &c.; Lat. uses luna, i.e. lucna, the shining one, lucere, to shine, for the moon, but preserves the word i
- MOON, SIR RICHARD, 1ST BARONET (1814-1899)
moon, on which he published a See also:work, The Moon considered as a See also:Planet, a See also:World and a See also:Satellite, in See also:conjunction with James See also:Carpenter in 1874. He died in London on the 7th of May 18go.
His Autobiography, edited by Dr See also:Samuel See also:Smiles, was published in 1883.
NASR-ED-DIN [NAg1Ru'n-DIN] (1829-1896), shah of See also:Persia, was born on the 4th of See also:April 1829. His See also:mother, a capable princess of the Kajar See also:family, persuaded Shah Mahommed, his father, to appoint him See also:heir apparent, in preference to his See also:elder See also:brothers: and he was accordingly made See also:governor of See also:Azerbaijan. His See also:succession to the See also:throne, 13th See also:October 1848, was vigorously disputed, especially by the followers of the reformer El Bab, upon whom he wreaked terrible vengeance. In 1855 he re-established friendly relations with See also:France, and coming under the See also:influence of See also:Russia, signed a treaty of amity on the 17th of See also:December with that See also:power, but remained neutral during the See also:Crimean See also:war. In 1856 he seized See also:Herat, but a See also:British See also:army under See also:Outram landed in the See also:Persian Gulf, defeated his forces and compelled him to evacuate the territory. The treaty of See also:peace was signed at See also:Paris, on the 4th of See also:March 1857, and to the end of his reign he treated Great Britain and Russia with equal friend-See also:ship. In 1866 the shah authorized the passage of the See also:telegraph to See also:India through his dominions and reminted his currency in the See also:European See also:fashion. In 1873, and again in 1889, he visited See also:England in the course of his three sumptuous journeys to See also:Europe, 1873,1878,1889. The only results of his contact with Western See also:civilization appear to have been the See also:proclamation of religious See also:toleration, the institution of a postal service, See also:accession to the postal See also:union and the See also:establishment of a See also:bank. He gave the See also:monopoly of See also:tobacco to a private See also:company, but was soon compelled to withdraw it ii; deference to the resistance of his subjects. Abstemious in habits, and devoted to See also:music and See also:poetry, he was a cultured, able and well-meaning ruler, and his reign, already unusually See also:long for an Eastern potentate, might have lasted still longer had it not been for the unpopular sale of the tobacco monopoly, which was probably a See also:factor in his assassination at See also:Teheran on the 1st of May 1896 by a member of the Babi See also:faction. He was succeeded by his son Muzaffar-ed-din.
End of Article: NASMYTH, JAMES (1808-1890)
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