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PAU , a See also: city of See also:south-western See also:France, See also:chief See also:town of the See also:department of Basses-See also:Pyrenees, 66 m. E.S.E. of See also:Bayonne on the See also:southern railway to See also:Toulouse. Pop. (1906), 30,315. It is situated on the border of a See also:plateau 130 ft. above the right See also:bank of the Gave de Pau (a See also:left-See also:hand affluent of the Adbur), at a height of about 62o ft. above the See also:sea. A small stream, the Hedas, flowing in a deep See also:ravine and crossed by several See also:bridges, divides the city into two parts. The See also:modern importance of Pau is due to its See also:climate, which makes it a See also:great See also:winter See also:health-resort. The most striking characteristic is the stillness of the See also:air, resulting from the peculiarly sheltered situation. The See also:average rainfall is about 33 in., and the mean winter temperature is 430, the mean for the See also:year being 56°.
The town is built on a sandy See also:soil, with the streets See also:running See also:east and See also:west. The See also:Place Royale (in the centre of which stands See also:Nicolas See also:Bernard Raggi's statue of See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry IV., with bas-reliefs by See also:Antoine Etex) is admired for the view over the valley of the Gave and the Pyrenees; it is connected by the magnificent See also:Boulevard See also:des Pyrenees with the See also:castle gardens. Beyond the castle a See also:park of See also:thirty acres planted with See also:beech trees stretches along the high bank of the Gave. See also: Access to the castle is obtained by a See also:- STONE
- STONE (0. Eng. shin; the word is common to Teutonic languages, cf. Ger. Stein, Du. steen, Dan. and Swed. sten; the root is also seen in Gr. aria, pebble)
- STONE, CHARLES POMEROY (1824-1887)
- STONE, EDWARD JAMES (1831-1897)
- STONE, FRANK (1800-1859)
- STONE, GEORGE (1708—1764)
- STONE, LUCY [BLACKWELL] (1818-1893)
- STONE, MARCUS (184o— )
- STONE, NICHOLAS (1586-1647)
stone See also:bridge built under See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis XV.; this leads to the entrance, which gives into a courtyard. On the left of the entrance is the See also:donjon or tour de Gaston See also:Phoebus. On the right are the tour See also:neuve, a modern erection, and the Tour de Montauzet (See also:Monte-Oiseau), the higher storeys of which were reached by ladders; the Tour de Bilheres faces See also:north-west, the See also:Tours de Mazeres south-west. Another See also:tower between the castle and the Gave, the Tour de la Monnaie, is in ruins.
In the gardens to the west of the castle stand a statue of Gaston Phoebus, See also:count of See also:Foix, and two See also:porphyry vases presented by Bernadotte See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king of See also:Sweden, who was See also:born at Pau. On the ground-See also:floor is the old See also:- HALL
- HALL (generally known as SCHWABISCH-HALL, tc distinguish it from the small town of Hall in Tirol and Bad-Hall, a health resort in Upper Austria)
- HALL (O.E. heall, a common Teutonic word, cf. Ger. Halle)
- HALL, BASIL (1788-1844)
- HALL, CARL CHRISTIAN (1812–1888)
- HALL, CHARLES FRANCIS (1821-1871)
- HALL, CHRISTOPHER NEWMAN (1816—19oz)
- HALL, EDWARD (c. 1498-1547)
- HALL, FITZEDWARD (1825-1901)
- HALL, ISAAC HOLLISTER (1837-1896)
- HALL, JAMES (1793–1868)
- HALL, JAMES (1811–1898)
- HALL, JOSEPH (1574-1656)
- HALL, MARSHALL (1790-1857)
- HALL, ROBERT (1764-1831)
- HALL, SAMUEL CARTER (5800-5889)
- HALL, SIR JAMES (1761-1832)
- HALL, WILLIAM EDWARD (1835-1894)
hall of the estates of See also:Beam, 85 ft. See also:long and 36 ft. wide, adorned with a See also:- WHITE
- WHITE, ANDREW DICKSON (1832– )
- WHITE, GILBERT (1720–1793)
- WHITE, HENRY KIRKE (1785-1806)
- WHITE, HUGH LAWSON (1773-1840)
- WHITE, JOSEPH BLANCO (1775-1841)
- WHITE, RICHARD GRANT (1822-1885)
- WHITE, ROBERT (1645-1704)
- WHITE, SIR GEORGE STUART (1835– )
- WHITE, SIR THOMAS (1492-1567)
- WHITE, SIR WILLIAM ARTHUR (1824--1891)
- WHITE, SIR WILLIAM HENRY (1845– )
- WHITE, THOMAS (1628-1698)
- WHITE, THOMAS (c. 1550-1624)
white See also:marble statue of Henry IV., and magnificent Flemish tapestries ordered by See also:Francis I. Several of the upper See also:chambers are adorned with Flemish, See also:Brussels or Gobelins See also:tapestry, but the most interesting See also:room is that in which Henry IV. is said to have been born, containing his See also:cradle made of a See also:tortoise-See also:- SHELL
- SHELL (O. Eng. scell, scyll, cf. Du. sceel, shell, Goth. skalja, tile; the word means originally a thin flake,. cf. Swed. skalja, to peel off; it is allied to " scale " and " skill," from a root meaning to cleave, divide, separate)
shell, and a magnificent carved See also:bed of the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time of Louis XII. The churches of St Jacques and St See also:- MARTIN (Martinus)
- MARTIN, BON LOUIS HENRI (1810-1883)
- MARTIN, CLAUD (1735-1800)
- MARTIN, FRANCOIS XAVIER (1762-1846)
- MARTIN, HOMER DODGE (1836-1897)
- MARTIN, JOHN (1789-1854)
- MARTIN, LUTHER (1748-1826)
- MARTIN, SIR THEODORE (1816-1909)
- MARTIN, SIR WILLIAM FANSHAWE (1801–1895)
- MARTIN, ST (c. 316-400)
- MARTIN, WILLIAM (1767-1810)
Martin in the See also:Gothic See also:style are both modern. The lycee occupies a portion of the buildings of a Jesuit See also:college founded in 1622. The prefecture, the See also:law-See also:court and the hotel de See also:vine See also:present no remarkable features. Pau is the seat of a court of See also:appeal and a court of assizes and has a tribunal of first instance, a tribunal of See also:commerce and a chamber of arts and manufactures. There are training colleges for both sexes, a library, an See also:art museum and several learned See also:societies. Pau owes most of its prosperity to its visitors. The See also: golf See also:club, established 1856, has a course of 18 holes, on the Plaine de Billere, about a mile from the town. Among the See also:industrial establishments are See also:flour-See also:mills, See also:cloth factories and tanneries, and there is See also:trade in See also:wine, hams, horses and cloth.
Pau derives its name from the word See also:pal, in allusion to the stakes which were set up on the site chosen for the town. It was founded probably at the beginning of the 1th See also:century by the viscounts of Beam. By the erection of the present castle in the latter See also:half of the 14th century, Gaston Phoebus made the town a place of importance and after his See also:death the viscounts of Beam visited it frequently. Gaston IV. granted a See also:charter to the town in 1464. See also:Francois Phoebus, See also:grandson and successor of Gaston, became king of See also:Navarre in 1479, and it was not until 1512 that the loss of See also:Spanish Navarre caused the rulers of Beam to See also:transfer their See also:residence from Pampeluna to Pau, which till 1589 was their seat of See also:government. See also:Margaret of See also:Valois, who married See also:Henri d'See also:Albret, made her court one of the most brilliant of the time. In 1553 her daughter Jeanne d'Albret gave See also:birth to Henry IV. at Pau. It was the residence of See also:Catherine, See also:sister of Henry IV., who governed Beam in the name of her See also:brother. In 1620when See also:French Navarre and Bears were reduced to the See also:rank of See also:province, the intendants took up their quarters there. In the 19th century Abd-el-Kader, during See also: part of his captivity, resided in the castle.
End of Article: PAU
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