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RECHBERG - ROTHENLOWEN, JOHANN BERNHARD, See also:COUNT (1806-1899), See also:Austrian statesman, was the second son of the Bavarian statesman Count Aloys von Rechberg-Rothenlowen (1766-1849). Johann Bernhard was destined for the Bavarian public service., his See also:elder See also:brother being a hereditary member of the Upper See also:House in the See also:parliament of See also:Wurttemberg. He was educated at the See also:universities of See also:Strassburg and See also:Munich, but he incurred the displeasure of See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King See also:- LOUIS
- LOUIS (804–876)
- LOUIS (893–911)
- LOUIS, JOSEPH DOMINIQUE, BARON (1755-1837)
- LOUIS, or LEWIS (from the Frankish Chlodowich, Chlodwig, Latinized as Chlodowius, Lodhuwicus, Lodhuvicus, whence-in the Strassburg oath of 842-0. Fr. Lodhuwigs, then Chlovis, Loys and later Louis, whence Span. Luiz and—through the Angevin kings—Hungarian
Louis I. by the See also:part he played as second in a See also:duel, and in 1828 he transferred him-self to the Austrian See also:diplomatic service. After being attached to the embassies in See also:Berlin, See also:London and See also:Brussels, he was appointed See also:envoy at See also:Stockholm (1841) and at Rio de Janeiro (1843). Returning to See also:Europe in 1847, on the outbreak of the revolution of 1848 in See also:Vienna he was of See also:great service to See also:Prince Metternich, whom he accompanied and assisted in his See also:flight to See also:England. In See also:July 1848 he was appointed Austrian plenipotentiary in the See also:German federal See also:diet at See also:Frankfort, in 1851 became Austrian internuncius at See also:Constantinople, and in 1853 See also:Radetzky's civilian colleague in the See also:government of See also:Lombardo-See also:Venetia. In 1855 he returned to Frankfort as Austrian representative and See also:president of the federal diet. As a See also:- PUPIL (Lat. pupillus, orphan, minor, dim. of pupus, boy, allied to puer, from root pm- or peu-, to beget, cf. "pupa," Lat. for " doll," the name given to the stage intervening between the larval and imaginal stages in certain insects)
pupil of Metternich he would have wished to preserve the See also:good understanding with See also:Prussia which seemed the necessary See also:foundation for a conservative policy; he was, however, made the See also:instrument for the See also:anti-Prussian policy of Buol; this brought about See also:constant disputes with See also:Bismarck, at that See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time Prussian envoy at the diet, which were sharpened by Rechberg's choleric See also:temper, and on one occasion nearly led to a duel. Bismarck, however, always expressed a high appreciation of his See also:character and abilities. In May 1859, on the See also:eve of the See also:war with See also:Italy, he was appointed Austrian See also:minister of See also:foreign affairs and minister president, surrendering the latter See also:post to the See also:archduke Rainer in the following See also:year.
The five years during which Rechberg held the See also:portfolio of foreign affairs covered the war with Italy and See also:France, the insurrection in See also:Poland, the attempted reform of the German See also:Confederation through the Frankfort Fiirstentag, and the Austro-Prussian war with See also:Denmark. After the defeat of See also:Magenta Rechberg accompanied the See also:emperor to Italy, and he had to meet the crisis caused by a war for which he was not responsible. He began the concessions to See also:Hungary and in the See also:Polish question, and was responsible for the See also:adhesion of See also:Austria to the See also:alliance of the Western See also:Powers. In the German question Rechberg's policy was one of See also:compromise. To the project of the Fiirstentag he was altogether opposed. The project had been suggested to the emperor See also:Francis See also:Joseph by his son-in-See also:law, the hereditary prince of Turn and Taxis, and by a pamphlet of See also:Julius FrSbel, and the preliminary arrangements were made without Rechberg being informed. When at last he was told, he tendered his resignation, which was not accepted, and he accompanied the emperor to the abortive See also:- MEETING (from " to meet," to come together, assemble, 0. Eng. metals ; cf. Du. moeten, Swed. mota, Goth. gamotjan, &c., derivatives of the Teut. word for a meeting, seen in O. Eng. Wit, moot, an assembly of the people; cf. witanagemot)
meeting at Frankfort (See also:August 1863). The See also:attempt made by Rechberg at the subsequent ministerial See also:conference at See also:Nuremberg to establish a German See also:league without Prussia was equally unsuccessful, and he now returned to the policy, which in opposition to See also:Schmerling he had throughout advocated, of a peaceful arrangement between Prussia and Austria as the indispensable preliminary to a reform of the Confederation.
At this juncture the See also:death of King See also:Frederick VII. of Denmark (15th of See also:November 1863) opened up the whole See also:Schleswig-See also:Holstein question (q.v.). In the diplomatic duel that followed Rechberg was no match for Bismarck. It suited Austrian policy to See also:act in See also:concert with Prussia against Denmark; but Rechberg well knew that Bismarck was aiming at the See also:annexation of the duchies. He attempted to guard against this by laying
down as a See also:condition of the alliance that the duchies should only be separated from Denmark by See also:common consent of the two German powers. Bismarck, however, insisted that the question of the ultimate destination of the duchies should be See also:left open; and, when he backed his See also:argument with the See also:threat that unless Austria accepted his proposal Prussia would act alone, Rechberg gave way. His See also:action was made the See also:object of violent attacks in the Austrian See also:Lower House (28—30 See also:January 1864), and when the war was victoriously concluded and Prussia's designs on the duchies had become evident, public See also:opinion turned more and more against him, demanding that Austria should support the See also:duke of Augustenburg even at the See also:risk of war. Rechberg yielded so far as to assure the duke's representative at Vienna that Austria was determined to See also:place him in See also:possession of the duchies, but only on condition that he did not sign away any of his See also:sovereign rights to Prussia. The outcome of this was that the duke refused the terms offered by King See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William and Bismarck.
On the 22nd of August there was a meeting of the emperor Francis Joseph and King William at Schonbrunn, both Rechberg and Bismarck being See also:present. Rechberg himself was in favour of allowing Prussia to annex the duchies, on condition that Prussia should See also:guarantee Austria's possession of See also:Venice and the Adriatic See also:coast. On the first point no agreement was reached; but the principles of an Austro-Prussian alliance in the event of a See also:French invasion of Italy were agreed upon. This latter proposal was, however, received with violent opposition in the See also:ministry, where Rechberg's See also:influence had See also:long been over-shadowed by that of Schmerling; public opinion, utterly distrustful of Prussian promises, was also greatly excited; and on the 27th of See also:October Rechberg handed in his resignation, receiving at the same time the See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order of the See also:Golden Fleece from the emperor as a sign of See also:special favour. He had been made an hereditary member of the Upper House of the Reichsrat in 1861, and as See also:late as 1879 continued occasionally to take part in debates. He died at his See also:chateau of Kettenhof near Vienna on the 26th of See also:February 1899. He had married, in 1834, See also:Barbara See also:- JONES
- JONES, ALFRED GILPIN (1824-1906)
- JONES, EBENEZER (182o-186o)
- JONES, ERNEST CHARLES (1819-1869)
- JONES, HENRY (1831-1899)
- JONES, HENRY ARTHUR (1851- )
- JONES, INIGO (1573-1651)
- JONES, JOHN (c. 1800-1882)
- JONES, MICHAEL (d. 1649)
- JONES, OWEN (1741-1814)
- JONES, OWEN (1809-1874)
- JONES, RICHARD (179o-1855)
- JONES, SIR ALFRED LEWIS (1845-1909)
- JONES, SIR WILLIAM (1746-1794)
- JONES, THOMAS RUPERT (1819– )
- JONES, WILLIAM (1726-1800)
Jones, eldest daughter of the 6th See also:Viscount See also:Ranelagh, by whom he had one son, Count Louis (b. 1835).
See the See also:biography by See also:Franz Ilwof in Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie, B. 53. Nachtrage (See also:Leipzig, 19o7).
End of Article: RECHBERG
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