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See also:ZOLKIEWSKI, See also:STANISLAUS (1547-1619) , the most illustrious member of an See also:ancient Ruthenian See also:family which emigrated to See also:Galicia in the 15th See also:century. During the See also:interregnum in See also:Poland after the See also:death of See also:- HENRY
- HENRY (1129-1195)
- HENRY (c. 1108-1139)
- HENRY (c. 1174–1216)
- HENRY (Fr. Henri; Span. Enrique; Ger. Heinrich; Mid. H. Ger. Heinrich and Heimrich; O.H.G. Haimi- or Heimirih, i.e. " prince, or chief of the house," from O.H.G. heim, the Eng. home, and rih, Goth. reiks; compare Lat. rex " king "—" rich," therefore " mig
- HENRY, EDWARD LAMSON (1841– )
- HENRY, JAMES (1798-1876)
- HENRY, JOSEPH (1797-1878)
- HENRY, MATTHEW (1662-1714)
- HENRY, PATRICK (1736–1799)
- HENRY, PRINCE OF BATTENBERG (1858-1896)
- HENRY, ROBERT (1718-1790)
- HENRY, VICTOR (1850– )
- HENRY, WILLIAM (1795-1836)
Henry of See also:Valois, Zolkiewski was an ardent See also:partisan of the See also:chancellor See also:Zamoyski, and supported the candidature of See also:Stephen See also:Bathory, under whose banner he learned the See also:art of See also:war in the See also:Muscovite See also:campaigns. On the death of Stephen, Zolkiewski vigorously supported the policy of Zamoyski, and took an active See also:part in the See also:battle of Byczyna, when the See also:Austrian See also:archduke See also:Maximilian was defeated by the See also:Polish chancellor. Shortly afterwards Zolkiewski was made castellan of See also:Lemberg and acting See also:commander-in-See also:chief. On the See also:accession of See also:Sigismund III. he retired from See also:court and divided his See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time between improving his estates, where he built towns and for-tresses, and disciplining the See also:Cossacks, with whom he enjoyed See also:great See also:influence. In 1601-2 he served with distinction in the Livonian war against the Swedes, whom he defeated at See also:Reval. During the insurrection of See also:Nicholas Zebrzydowski he led the
See also:army which routed the rebels at Guzow in 1607, though See also:pro-testing against the See also:necessity of shedding " his See also:brothers' See also:blood." For his services he received the See also:palatinate of See also:Kiev. He was opposed to the expedition sent to See also:place the false See also:Demetrius on the See also:throne of Muscovy; but nevertheless accompanied the See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
king to See also:Smolensk and was sent thence with a handful of men against See also:Moscow. On his way thither he defeated and captured See also:Tsar Vasily Shuiski at the battle of Klushino (See also:July 14, 161o), and two months later entered the See also:Russian See also:capital in See also:triumph. His tactful and conciliatory See also:diplomacy speedily won over the boyars, whom he persuaded to offer the Muscovite See also:crown to the Polish crown See also:prince, See also:Wladislaus. For a moment it seemed possible that the See also:Vasa family might occupy the throne of See also:Ivan the Terrible; but Sigismund III. would not consent to the reception of his son into the See also:Greek See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
Church, and refused to ratify the terms made with the boyars. Zolkiewski then returned to the Polish See also:camp and assisted in the reduction of Smolensk, but Moscow in the meantime drove out the Polish See also:garrison and proclaimed a native See also:dynasty under See also:Michael See also:Romanov. When Zolkiewski presented his captives, Tsar Vasily and his family, to the Polish See also:diet, he received an See also:ovation and was rewarded with the dignity of See also:hetman wielki (commander-in--chief). For the next few years he defended the See also:Ukraine against the See also:Tatars and Cossacks, and in 1617 was involved in a war with the See also:Porte owing to the unauthorized interference of the Polish nobles in the affairs of Wallachia and See also:Moldavia. Unable to defeat the vastly See also:superior forces of the See also:Turkish commander Skinder, he concluded with him an advantageous truce at Jaruda (27th of See also:August 1618), by the terms of which he pledged himself to curb the Cossacks and at the same time renounced all the claims of Poland to the Danubian principalities. Thus he saved the one army of Poland to guard her See also:southern frontier from apparently inevitable destruction. On his return he was fiercely assailed by the diet for not risking everything in a pitched battle, but Zolkiewski defended himself with an eloquence which silenced his most venomous opponents. The See also:peace of Jaruda was then confirmed, and the king conferred upon Zolkiewski the See also:grand-chancellorship, an See also:honour he had neither desired nor expected. Fresh attacks were presently made against him for failing, it was alleged, to prevent the Tatar incursions. So deeply wounded was the See also:hero by these calumnies that when in 1619 he was sent against the See also:Turks he publicly declared that he would never return alive unless victorious. He was as See also:good as his word. Surrounded near the See also:Dniester by countless hosts of Turks, Tatars and See also:Janissaries, he retreated through the See also:Steppes, fighting See also:night and See also:day without See also:food or See also:water, towards Cecora. By the time he reached it, he saw clearly that success was impossible, and deliberately determined to See also:die where he stood. Disguising himself so that his dead See also:body might not be recognized, he turned upon the pursuers and was slain after a desperate resistance (6th of See also:October 1620). His See also:head was cut off, exhibited in the Turkish camp and then sent to See also:Constantinople as a See also:present to the See also:sultan, from whom it was subsequently ransomed at a great See also:price. Zolkiewski is one of the most heroic figures in Polish See also:history. An accomplished See also:general, a skilful diplomatist, and a patriot who not only loved his eountry.above all things, but never feared to tell his countrymen the truth, he excelled in all private and public virtues. As a writer he made a name by an important history of his Muscovite campaigns.
See Stanislaw Gabryel Kozlowski, See also:Life of Stanislaus Zolkiewski (Pol.) (See also:Cracow, 1904). (R. N.
End of Article: ZOLKIEWSKI, STANISLAUS (1547-1619)
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