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CATLIN, GEORGE (1796-1872)

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Originally appearing in Volume V05, Page 535 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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CATLIN, See also:GEORGE (1796-1872) , See also:American ethnologist, was See also:born at. Wilkes-See also:Barre, See also:Pennsylvania, in 1796. He was educated as a lawyer and practised in See also:Philadelphia for two years; but See also:art was his favourite pursuit, and forsaking the See also:law he established himself at New See also:York as a portrait painter. In 1832, realizing that the American See also:Indians were dying out, he resolved to See also:rescue their types and customs from oblivion. With this See also:object he spent many years among the Indians in See also:North and See also:South See also:America. He lived with them, acquired their See also:languages, and studied very thoroughly their habits, customs and mode of See also:life, making copious notes and many studies for paintings. In 1840 he came to See also:Europe with his collection of paintings, most of which are now in the See also:National Museum, See also:Washington, as the Catlin See also:Gallery; and in the following See also:year he published the See also:Manners, Customs and See also:Condition of the North American Indians in two volumes, illustrated with 300 engravings. This was followed in 1844 by The North American See also:Portfolio, containing 25 plates of See also:hunting scenes and amusements in the Rocky Mountains and the prairies of America, and in 1848 by Eight Years' Travels and See also:Residence in Europe. In 1861 he published a curious little See also:volume, in " manugraph," entitled The Breath of Life, on the See also:advantage of keeping one's mouth habitually closed, especially during See also:sleep; and in 1868, Last Rambles amongst the Indians of the Rocky Mountains and the See also:Andes. He died in See also:Jersey See also:City, New Jersey, on the 22nd of See also:December 1872. enemy of the See also:oligarchy, or as a disinterested See also:champion of the provincials. It is held by some historians that there was at the See also:time on the See also:part of many of the See also:Roman nobles a determination to raise themselves to See also:power, despite the opposition of the See also:senate; others with greater See also:probability maintain that See also:Catiline's object was simply the cancelling of the huge debts which he and his See also:friends had accumulated.

Catiline, by his bravery, his military talents, his vigorous See also:

resolution, and his wonderful power over men, was eminently qualified as a revolutionary See also:leader. He is the subject of tragedies by See also:Ben See also:Jonson and P. See also:Crebillon, and of the See also:Rome sauvee of See also:Voltaire. See P. See also:Merimee, Etudes sur la guerre sociale et la conjuration de Catiline (1844); E. See also:Hagen, Catilina (1854), with See also:introductory discussion of the authorities; E. S. Beesley, " Catiline as a Party Leader " (Fortnightly See also:Review, See also:June 1865), in See also:defence of Catiline; C. See also:John, See also:Die Entstehungsgeschichte der catilinarischenVerschworung (1876), a See also:critical examination of See also:Sallust's See also:account; E. von Stern, Catilina and die Parteikdmpfe in Rom 66-63 (1883), with bibliography in See also:preface; C. Thiaucourt, Etude sur la conjuration de Catiline (1887), a critical examination of Sallust's account and of his object in See also:writing it; J. E. See also:Blondel, Histoire iconomique de la conjuration de Catiline (1893), written from the point of view of a See also:political economist; Gaston See also:Boissier, La Conjuration de Catiline (1905), and See also:Cicero and his Friends (Eng. trans.) ; See also:Tyrrell and See also:Purser's ed. of Cicero's Letters (See also:index vol. s.v.

" See also:

Sergius Catilina ") ; J. L. See also:Strachan See also:Davidson, Cicero 1894), ch. V.; Warde See also:Fowler's See also:Caesar (1892) ; see also art.

End of Article: CATLIN, GEORGE (1796-1872)

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