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See also:STRACHAN, See also:JOHN (1778–1867) , first See also:bishop of See also:Toronto, son of John Strachan and See also:Elizabeth Finlayson his wife, was See also:born at See also:Aberdeen, See also:Scotland, on the 12th of See also:April 1778. His See also:father died in 1492 from an See also:accident in the See also:granite quarries of which he was an overseer. Thus from an See also:early See also:age See also:young Strachah See also:bad to depend upon his own resources and even to assist his See also:mother,
whom he loyally aided till her See also:death in 1812. He managed, by undertaking private teaching and with the aid of a bursary, to go to the university of Aberdeen, where he took his M.A. degree. He attended some of the divinity classes at the university, where also he formed a lasting friendship with two of his See also:fellow students, well known afterwards as See also:Professor See also:Duncan and Dr See also:Chalmers. In 1799 he emigrated to See also:Canada, having been recommended to the See also:lion. See also:Richard See also:Cartwright, of See also:Kingston, Upper Canada, as suitable for tutorial See also:work. Strachan went to Canada a Presbyterian. His associations there, however, were almost exclusively with Episcopalians, including Mr Cartwright and the Rev. Dr. See also:Stuart, for a See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time the only clergyman in the See also:district. Moreover, See also:special See also:provision had been made in the Constitutional See also:Act of 1791 for the liberal endowment of the See also:Protestant See also:religion, then identified in the See also:official mind with the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
Church of See also:England, through what were afterwards known as the See also:Clergy Reserves, being one-seventh of the lands of the new townships opened for See also:settlement. Having decided to enter the Episcopal Church, Strachan was ordained on the 22nd of May 1803, and was immediately afterwards appointed to the See also:parish of See also:Cornwall. Thither he removed his school, which soon became the most noted educational institution in the See also:country. There many future leaders of public and professional See also:life in Canada came under the See also:influence of Strachaa's vigorous See also:personality. In 1807 he married the youthful widow of See also:Andrew McGill, a wealthy See also:merchant of See also:Montreal, and See also:brother of the founder of McGill University. In 1811 he received the honorary degree of D.D. from his See also:alma mater, Aberdeen University. During the same See also:year Dr Stuart of Kingston died and was succeeded by his son See also:George O'Kill Stuart, See also:incumbent at See also:York, the See also:capital of the See also:province. Through the influence of Lieut.-See also:Governor See also:Gore, supplemented by that of See also:Sir See also:Isaac See also:Brock, Strachan was prevailed upon in 1812 to See also:transfer himself to York, where he was soon deeply involved in See also:civil and ecclesiastical politics.
During the See also:War of 1812 he was of special service to the executive See also:government and the citizens of the See also:town when the See also:American troops captured York and burned the public buildings. He was chiefly instrumental also in See also:founding the Loyal and Patriotic Society of Upper Canada, which raised funds for the See also:relief of the wounded and the assistance of the widows and orphans of the slain. On the urgent recommendation of Lieut.-Governor Gore he was appointed to the executive See also:council of Upper Canada in 1815. A See also:man of See also:great force of See also:character and much ability, of keen ambitions and unusual shrewdness, though not remarkable for breadth of mind, he attained to great influence in the executive government and was soon the leading spirit in that dominant See also:group known in Upper See also:Canadian See also:history as the See also:Family Compact. In 1820 he was appointed by Sir Peregrine See also:Maitland a member of the legislative council in See also:- ORDER
- ORDER (through Fr. ordre, for earlier ordene, from Lat. ordo, ordinis, rank, service, arrangement; the ultimate source is generally taken to be the root seen in Lat. oriri, rise, arise, begin; cf. " origin ")
- ORDER, HOLY
order that the governor might have a confidential See also:medium through whom to make communication to the council. At the instance of the See also:lieutenant-governor he went to England in 1824, to discuss various colonial questions with the See also:earl of See also:Bathurst, then colonial secretary. Strachan had no difficulty in convincing See also:Lord Bathurst of the See also:justice of his claims on all essential matters, the most important of which was the exclusive right of the Church of England in Canada to the Clergy Reserves. Though in favour of selling a portion of these lands to provide a fund for the existing needs of the Church, he secured the defeat of the proposal then before the government to dispose of the Clergy Reserves to the Canada See also:Company. He took much See also:interest in the educational affairs of the province, and in 1807 was instrumental in having provision made for the See also:establishment of the first See also:grammar See also:schools. In 1824 he secured the passing of an act providing assistance for the public schools of each district. During his second visit to England in 1826—1827 he obtained a royal See also:charter for the university of See also:- KING
- KING (O. Eng. cyning, abbreviated into cyng, cing; cf. O. H. G. chun- kuning, chun- kunig, M.H.G. kiinic, kiinec, kiinc, Mod. Ger. Konig, O. Norse konungr, kongr, Swed. konung, kung)
- KING [OF OCKHAM], PETER KING, 1ST BARON (1669-1734)
- KING, CHARLES WILLIAM (1818-1888)
- KING, CLARENCE (1842–1901)
- KING, EDWARD (1612–1637)
- KING, EDWARD (1829–1910)
- KING, HENRY (1591-1669)
- KING, RUFUS (1755–1827)
- KING, THOMAS (1730–1805)
- KING, WILLIAM (1650-1729)
- KING, WILLIAM (1663–1712)
King's See also:College, with provision for its endowment out of the See also:crown lands. It was, however, to be entirely under the See also:control of the Church of England. In 1827 Strachan became See also:archdeacon of York.
The break-up of the See also:Liverpool See also:ministry in 1827 interrupted the successful development of Strachan's plans for placing virtuallythe whole of the government endowments for religion and See also:education under the control of the Episcopal Church. The See also:storm of protest of the other religious denominations caused the colonial See also:- OFFICE (from Lat. officium, " duty," " service," a shortened form of opifacium, from facere, " to do," and either the stem of opes, " wealth," " aid," or opus, " work ")
office to undertake an investigation of the whole question, the result of which was presented in the See also:report of 1828. After a See also:long silence in the See also:face of severe and persistent See also:criticism, Strachan made a See also:general reply in a very able speech in the legislative council in See also:March 1828. When the storm had subsided the Clergy Reserves and university questions remained dormant until 1836, when the See also:attempt to apply the Reserves to the endowment of rectories renewed the trouble and contributed largely to the crisis of 1837. Adverse criticism and a See also:suggestion from the colonial office that he should cease from active participation in See also:political affairs led to his resignation from the executive council, but he declined to give up his seat in the legislative council.
On the death of Bishop See also:- STEWART, ALEXANDER TURNEY (1803-1876)
- STEWART, BALFOUR (1828-1887)
- STEWART, CHARLES (1778–1869)
- STEWART, DUGALD (1753-1828)
- STEWART, J
- STEWART, JOHN (1749—1822)
- STEWART, JULIUS L
- STEWART, SIR DONALD MARTIN (1824–19o0)
- STEWART, SIR HERBERT (1843—1885)
- STEWART, SIR WILLIAM (c. 1540—c. 1605)
- STEWART, STUART
- STEWART, WILLIAM (c. 1480-c. 1550)
Stewart of See also:Quebec the Canadian see was divided, and Strachan was made bishop of Toronto in See also:August 1839. He energetically opposed the act of 1840, which sought to See also:settle the Clergy Reserves question by dividing the proceeds among the different religious denominations, the larger See also:share still remaining with the Church of England.
The university of King's College was finally established, with certain modifications of its charter, in 1843, Bishop Strachan being the first See also:president. The renewed agitation finally resulted in the elimination of all religious tests by the act of 1849, which also changed the name to that of the university of Toronto. Strachan at once took steps to found another university which should be completely under the control of the Episcopal Church, hence the establishment of Trinity University, which was opened in 1852. Bishop Strachan also raised once more the question of the disposal of the Clergy Reserves. After several strong appeals and See also:counter-appeals to the See also:British government, the Canadian See also:parliament was allowed to See also:deal as it pleased with the question, with the result that the Reserves were completely secularized in 1854, provision being made for the life-interest of the beneficiaries at the time. Bishop Strachan devoted the latter years of his long life entirely to his episcopal duties, and by introducing the diocesan See also:synod he furnished the Episcopal Church in Canada with a more democratic See also:organ of government. He died in See also:November 1867.
End of Article: STRACHAN, JOHN (1778–1867)
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