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HOPKINSON, FRANCIS (1737–1791)

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 686 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HOPKINSON, See also:FRANCIS (1737–1791) , See also:American author and statesman, one of the signers of the See also:Declaration of See also:Independence, was See also:born in See also:Philadelphia, See also:Pennsylvania, on the 2nd of See also:October 1737. He was a son of See also:Thomas Hopkinson (1709–1751), a prominent lawyer of Philadelphia, one of the first trustees of the See also:College of Philadelphia, now the University of Pennsylvania, and first See also:president of the American Philosophical Society. Francis was the first student to enter the College of Philadelphia. from which he received his See also:bachelor's degree in 1757 and his See also:master's degree in 176o. He then studied See also:law in the See also:office in Philadelphia of See also:Benjamin Chew, and was admitted to the See also:bar in 1761. Removing after 1768 to See also:Bordentown, New See also:Jersey, he became a member of the See also:council of that See also:colony in 1774. On the approach of the See also:War of Independence he identified himself with the patriot or whig See also:element in the colony, and in 1776 and 1777 he was a delegate to the See also:Continental See also:Congress. He served on the See also:committee appointed to See also:frame the Articles of See also:Confederation, executed, with See also:John See also:Nixon (1733—1808) and John See also:Wharton, the " business of the See also:navy" under the direction cf the marine committee, and acted for a See also:time as treasurer of the Continental See also:loan office. From 1779 to 1789 he was See also:judge of the See also:court of See also:admiralty in Pennsylvania, and from 1790 until his See also:death was See also:United States See also:district judge for that See also:state. He was famous for his versatility, and besides being a distinguished lawyer. jurist and See also:political See also:leader, was " a mathematician, a chemist. a physicist, a mechanician, an inventor, a musician and a composer of See also:music, a See also:man of See also:literary knowledge and practice, a writer of See also:airy and dainty songs, a See also:clever artist with See also:pencil and See also:brush and a humorist of unmistakeable See also:power " (See also:Tyler, Literary See also:History of the American Revolution). It is as a writer, however, that he will be remembered. He ranks as one of the three leading satirists on the patriot See also:side during the War of Independence.

His ballad, The See also:

Battle of the Kegs (1778), was See also:long exceedingly popular. To alarm the See also:British force at Philadelphia the Americans floated kegs charged with See also:gun-See also:powder down the See also:Delaware See also:river towards that See also:city, and the British, alarmed for the safety of their See also:shipping, fired with See also:cannon and small arms at everything they saw floating in the river. Hopkinson's ballad is an imaginative expansion of the actual facts. To the cause of the revolution this ballad,, says See also:Professor Tyler, " was perhaps See also:worth as much just then as the winning of a considerable battle." Hopkinson's See also:principal writings are The See also:Pretty See also:Story (1774), A Prophecy (1776) and The Political See also:Catechism (1777). Among his songs may be mentioned The Treaty and The New Roof, a See also:Song for Federal See also:Mechanics; and the best known of his satirical pieces are Typographical Method of conducting a See also:Quarrel, See also:Essay on See also:White Washing and See also:Modern Learning. His See also:Miscellaneous Essays and Occasional 1Vritings were published at Philadelphia in 3 vols., 1792. His son, See also:JOSEPH HOPKINSON (1770-1842), graduated at the University of Pennsylvania in 1786, studied law, and was a Federalist member of the See also:national See also:House of Representatives in 1815-1819, Federal judge of the Eastern District of Pennsylvania from 1828 until his death, and a member of the state constitutional See also:convention of 1837. He is better known, however, as the author of the patriotic See also:anthem " See also:Hail See also:Columbia " (1798).

End of Article: HOPKINSON, FRANCIS (1737–1791)

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