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OXFORDIAN , in See also:geology, the name given to a See also:series of strata in the See also:middle Oolites which occur between the See also:Corallian beds and the See also:Cornbrash; the See also:division is now taken to include the See also:- OXFORD
- OXFORD, EARLS OF
- OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
- OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
- OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
- OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
- OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST
Oxford See also:Clay with the underlying See also:Callovian See also:stage (q.v.). The argillaceous beds were called " Clunch Clay and Shale " by See also:- WILLIAM
- WILLIAM (1143-1214)
- WILLIAM (1227-1256)
- WILLIAM (1J33-1584)
- WILLIAM (A.S. Wilhelm, O. Norse Vilhidlmr; O. H. Ger. Willahelm, Willahalm, M. H. Ger. Willehelm, Willehalm, Mod.Ger. Wilhelm; Du. Willem; O. Fr. Villalme, Mod. Fr. Guillaume; from " will," Goth. vilja, and " helm," Goth. hilms, Old Norse hidlmr, meaning
- WILLIAM (c. 1130-C. 1190)
- WILLIAM, 13TH
William See also:- SMITH
- SMITH, ADAM (1723–1790)
- SMITH, ALEXANDER (183o-1867)
- SMITH, ANDREW JACKSON (1815-1897)
- SMITH, CHARLES EMORY (1842–1908)
- SMITH, CHARLES FERGUSON (1807–1862)
- SMITH, CHARLOTTE (1749-1806)
- SMITH, COLVIN (1795—1875)
- SMITH, EDMUND KIRBY (1824-1893)
- SMITH, G
- SMITH, GEORGE (1789-1846)
- SMITH, GEORGE (184o-1876)
- SMITH, GEORGE ADAM (1856- )
- SMITH, GERRIT (1797–1874)
- SMITH, GOLDWIN (1823-191o)
- SMITH, HENRY BOYNTON (1815-1877)
- SMITH, HENRY JOHN STEPHEN (1826-1883)
- SMITH, HENRY PRESERVED (1847– )
- SMITH, JAMES (1775–1839)
- SMITH, JOHN (1579-1631)
- SMITH, JOHN RAPHAEL (1752–1812)
- SMITH, JOSEPH, JR
- SMITH, MORGAN LEWIS (1822–1874)
- SMITH, RICHARD BAIRD (1818-1861)
- SMITH, ROBERT (1689-1768)
- SMITH, SIR HENRY GEORGE WAKELYN
- SMITH, SIR THOMAS (1513-1577)
- SMITH, SIR WILLIAM (1813-1893)
- SMITH, SIR WILLIAM SIDNEY (1764-1840)
- SMITH, SYDNEY (1771-1845)
- SMITH, THOMAS SOUTHWOOD (1788-1861)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (1769-1839)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (c. 1730-1819)
- SMITH, WILLIAM (fl. 1596)
- SMITH, WILLIAM FARRAR (1824—1903)
- SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1808—1872)
- SMITH, WILLIAM HENRY (1825—1891)
- SMITH, WILLIAM ROBERTSON (1846-'894)
Smith (1815-1816); in 1818 W. See also:Buckland described them under the unwieldy See also:title " Oxford, See also:Forest or Fen Clay." The See also:term Oxfordian was introduced by d'See also:Orbigny in 1844. The name is derived from the See also:English See also:county of Oxford, where the beds are well See also:developed, but they See also:crop out almost continuously from See also:Dorsetshire to the See also:coast of See also:Yorkshire, generally forming See also:low, broad valleys. They are well exposed at See also:Weymouth, Oxford, See also:Bedford, See also:Peterborough, and in the cliffs at Scar-See also:- BOROUGH (A.S. nominative burh, dative byrig, which produces some of the place-names ending in bury, a sheltered or fortified place, the camp of refuge of a tribe, the stronghold of a chieftain; cf. Ger. Burg, Fr. bor, bore, bourg)
- BOROUGH [BURROUGH, BURROWE, BORROWS], STEVEN (1525–1584)
borough, Red Cliff and Gristhorpe See also:Bay. Rocks of this See also:age are found also in Uig and See also:Skye.
The Oxford Clay is usually bluish or greenish-See also:grey in See also:colour, weathering See also:- BROWN
- BROWN, CHARLES BROCKDEN (1771-181o)
- BROWN, FORD MADOX (1821-1893)
- BROWN, FRANCIS (1849- )
- BROWN, GEORGE (1818-188o)
- BROWN, HENRY KIRKE (1814-1886)
- BROWN, JACOB (1775–1828)
- BROWN, JOHN (1715–1766)
- BROWN, JOHN (1722-1787)
- BROWN, JOHN (1735–1788)
- BROWN, JOHN (1784–1858)
- BROWN, JOHN (1800-1859)
- BROWN, JOHN (1810—1882)
- BROWN, JOHN GEORGE (1831— )
- BROWN, ROBERT (1773-1858)
- BROWN, SAMUEL MORISON (1817—1856)
- BROWN, SIR GEORGE (1790-1865)
- BROWN, SIR JOHN (1816-1896)
- BROWN, SIR WILLIAM, BART
- BROWN, THOMAS (1663-1704)
- BROWN, THOMAS (1778-1820)
- BROWN, THOMAS EDWARD (1830-1897)
- BROWN, WILLIAM LAURENCE (1755–1830)
brown or yellow; In the See also:lower portions it is somewhat more shaly. The beds frequently tend to be calcareous and bituminous, while in places there is a considerable amount of See also:lignite. Septaria of large See also:size are See also:common, they have been cut and polished at Radipole and Melbury Osmund in Dorsetshire, where they are known as Melbury See also:marble or "turtle-stones "; they were used to See also:form table-tops, &c. In Yorkshire the Oxford Clay is usually a grey sandy shale. In the central and See also:southern English counties the Oxford Clay is divisible as follows:
Upper See also:zone of S See also:Clays with septaria and ironstone nodules. Clays with
Cardsoceras cordalum pyritized fossils (subzone of Quenstedloceras kamberli).
Lower zone of 1 Shales with pyritized fossils (subzone of Cosmoceras See also:Jason).
Cosmoccras ornatum
The upper zone contains also Gryphaea dilatata (large forms), Serpula vertebralis, Belemnites hastatus, Aspidoceras perarmatum, Cardioceras vertebrale. The lower zone yields Reineckia anceps, Peltoceras at hl eta, Quenstedtoceras Mariae, Cosmoceras Jason, Cerithium muricatum, and a small form of Gryphaea dilatata. The remains of fishes and saurian See also:reptiles have been found. The Oxford Clay is dug for See also:brick-making at Weymouth, See also:Trowbridge, See also:Chippenham, Oxford, Bedford, Peterborough and Fletton.
The " Oxfordian " of the See also:continent of See also:Europe is divided accordin to A. de See also:Lapparent into an upper (Argovian) and a lower (Neuvizyen) substage. In the former he includes See also:part of the English Coralline Oolite and in the latter the lower Calcareous Grit, while a portion of the lower Oxford Clay is placed in the Divesian or upper substage of the Callovian. In See also:north-See also:west See also:Germany the Oxford Clay is re-presented by the Hersumer beds. Most of the See also:European formations on this See also:horizon are clays and marls with occasional See also:limestone and ironstone beds.
See See also:JURASSIC, CALLOVIAN, CORALLIAN. (J. A.
End of Article: OXFORDIAN
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