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See also:PRICHARD, See also:- JAMES
- JAMES (Gr. 'IlrKw,l3or, the Heb. Ya`akob or Jacob)
- JAMES (JAMES FRANCIS EDWARD STUART) (1688-1766)
- JAMES, 2ND EARL OF DOUGLAS AND MAR(c. 1358–1388)
- JAMES, DAVID (1839-1893)
- JAMES, EPISTLE OF
- JAMES, GEORGE PAYNE RAINSFOP
- JAMES, HENRY (1843— )
- JAMES, JOHN ANGELL (1785-1859)
- JAMES, THOMAS (c. 1573–1629)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (1842–1910)
- JAMES, WILLIAM (d. 1827)
JAMES COWLES (1786-1848) , See also:English physician and ethnologist, was See also:born on the 11th of See also:February 1786 at See also:Ross in See also:Herefordshire. His parents were of the Society of See also:Friends, and he was educated at See also:home, especially in See also:modern See also:languages and See also:general literature. He adopted See also:medicine as a profession mainly because of the facilities it offered for anthropological investigations. He took his M.D. at See also:Edinburgh, afterwards See also:reading for a See also:year at Trinity See also:College, See also:Cambridge, whence, joining the See also:- CHURCH
- CHURCH (according to most authorities derived from the Gr. Kvpcaxov [&wµa], " the Lord's [house]," and common to many Teutonic, Slavonic and other languages under various forms—Scottish kirk, Ger. Kirche, Swed. kirka, Dan. kirke, Russ. tserkov, Buig. cerk
- CHURCH, FREDERICK EDWIN (1826-1900)
- CHURCH, GEORGE EARL (1835–1910)
- CHURCH, RICHARD WILLIAM (1815–189o)
- CHURCH, SIR RICHARD (1784–1873)
Church of See also:England, he migrated to St See also:John's College, See also:- OXFORD
- OXFORD, EARLS OF
- OXFORD, EDWARD DE VERE, 17TH EARL
- OXFORD, JOHN DE VERE, 13TH EARL OF (1443-1513)
- OXFORD, PROVISIONS OF
- OXFORD, ROBERT DE VERE, 9TH EARL OF (1362-1392)
- OXFORD, ROBERT HARLEY, 1ST
Oxford, afterwards entering as a See also:gentleman commoner at Trinity College, Oxford, but taking no degree in either university. In 1810 he settled at See also:Bristol as a physician, and in 1813 published his Researches into the See also:Physical See also:History of See also:Man, in 2 vols., afterwards extended to 5 vols. The central principle of the See also:book is the See also:primitive unity of the human See also:species, acted upon by causes which have since divided it into permanent varieties or races. The See also:work is dedicated to See also:Blumenbach, whose five races of man are adopted. But where Prichard excelled Blumenbach and all his other predecessors was in his grasp of the principle that See also:people should be studied by combining all available characters. One investigation begun in this work requires See also:special mention, the bringing into view of the fact, neglected or contradicted by philologists, that the See also:Celtic nations are allied by See also:language with the Slavonian, See also:German and Pelasgian (See also:Greek and Latin), thus forming a See also:fourth See also:European See also:branch of the See also:Asiatic stock (which would now be called Indo-European or See also:Aryan). His special See also:treatise containing Celtic compared with See also:Sanskrit words appeared in 1831 under the See also:title Eastern Origin of the Celtic nations. It is remarkable that the See also:essay by Adolphe Pictet, De l'Afinite See also:des langues celtiques avec le sanscrit, which was crowned by the See also:French See also:Academy and made its author's reputation, should have been published in 1837 in evidentignorance of the earlier and in some respects stricter investigations of Prichard.
In 1843 Prichard published his Natural History of Man, in which he reiterated his belief in the specific unity of man, pointing out that " the same inward and See also:mental nature is to be re-cognized in all the races." Prichard may fairly be honoured with the title of the founder of the English branch of the sciences of See also:anthropology and See also:ethnology. In 1811 he was appointed physician to St See also:- PETER
- PETER (Lat. Petrus from Gr. irfpos, a rock, Ital. Pietro, Piero, Pier, Fr. Pierre, Span. Pedro, Ger. Peter, Russ. Petr)
- PETER (PEDRO)
- PETER, EPISTLES OF
- PETER, ST
Peter's See also:hospital, Bristol, and in 1814 to the Bristol infirmary. In 1822 he published Treatise on Diseases of the See also:Nervous See also:System (pt. i.), and in 1835 a Treatise on See also:Insanity and other Disorders affecting the Mind, in which he advanced the theory of the existence of a distinct mental disease, " moral insanity." In 1842, following up this See also:suggestion, he published On the different forms of Insanity in relation to See also:Jurisprudence designed for the use of Persons concerned in Legal Questions regarding Unsoundness of Mind. In 1845 he was made a See also:commissioner in lunacy, and removed to See also:London. He died there three years later, on the 23rd of See also:December, of rheumatic See also:fever. At the See also:- TIME (0. Eng. Lima, cf. Icel. timi, Swed. timme, hour, Dan. time; from the root also seen in " tide," properly the time of between the flow and ebb of the sea, cf. O. Eng. getidan, to happen, " even-tide," &c.; it is not directly related to Lat. tempus)
- TIME, MEASUREMENT OF
- TIME, STANDARD
time of his See also:death he was See also:president of the Ethnological Society and a See also:fellow of the Royal Society. Among his less important See also:works were : A See also:Review of the See also:Doctrine of a Vital Principle (1829); On the Treatment of Hemiplegia (1831); On the Extinction of some Varieties of the Human See also:Race (1839); See also:Analysis of See also:Egyptian See also:Mythology (1819).
See Memoir by Dr See also:- THOMAS
- THOMAS (c. 1654-1720)
- THOMAS (d. 110o)
- THOMAS, ARTHUR GORING (1850-1892)
- THOMAS, CHARLES LOUIS AMBROISE (1811-1896)
- THOMAS, GEORGE (c. 1756-1802)
- THOMAS, GEORGE HENRY (1816-187o)
- THOMAS, ISAIAH (1749-1831)
- THOMAS, PIERRE (1634-1698)
- THOMAS, SIDNEY GILCHRIST (1850-1885)
- THOMAS, ST
- THOMAS, THEODORE (1835-1905)
- THOMAS, WILLIAM (d. 1554)
Thomas See also:Hodgkin (1798–1866) in the See also:Journal of the Ethnological Society (Feb. 1849) ; Memoir read before the See also:Bath and Bristol branch of the Provincial Medical and Surgical Association (See also:March 1849) by Dr J. A. See also:Symonds (Journ. Eth. See also:Soc., (185o) ; Prichard and Symonds in Special Relation to Mental See also:Science, by Dr Hack See also:Tuke (1891).
End of Article: PRICHARD, JAMES COWLES (1786-1848)
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