Online Encyclopedia

general level of upwards of 4000 ft., and the Sura country, also reaching to elevations of from 3000 to 5000 ft. Both these extensive plateaus are situated in the south-west portion of the province. Their See also:

SOIL

soil is fertile, they possess an abundance of pure See also:

WATER

water, the See also:

air is keen and bracing, and the See also:

CLIMATE

climate is described as resembling in many respects that of the See also:

TRANSVAAL

Transvaal. They See also:

FORM (Lat. forma)

form the See also:

PRINCIPAL

principal See also:

WATERSHED

watershed not only of the province of Bauchi, but of the protectorate of Northern Nigeria. The Gongola, flowing See also:

east and south to the See also:

BENUE

Benue, ris s in the Sura See also:

DISTRICT

district, and from the Kibyen See also:

plateau streams (See also:

low north to See also:

Lake See also:

Chad, west to the Kaduna, and south to the Benue.

The soil is generally fertile between the hills, and in the volcanic -districts the slopes are cultivated See also:

HALF

half-way up the extinct craters. The climate in the western parts is temperate and healthy. In the See also:

winter months of See also:

NOVEMBER (Lat. novem, nine)

November and See also:

DECEMBER (Lat. decent, ten)

December the thermometer frequently falls to freezing-point, and in the hottest months the maximum on the Kibyen plateau has been found to be rarely over 85° The See also:

POPULATION (Lat. populus, people; populare, to populate)

population of Bauchi is estimated at about 1,000,000 and is of a very various description. The upper classes are See also:

FULA (FULBE, FELLATAH or PEULS)

Fula, and there are some See also:

HAUSA

Hausa and See also:

KANURI, or BERIBERI

Kanuri (Bornuese), but the bulk of the See also:

PEOPLE

people are See also:

pagan tribes in a very low See also:

state of See also:

CIVILIZATION

civilization. Sixty-four tribes sufficiently differentiated from each other to speak different See also:

LANGUAGES

languages have been reported upon. Hausa is the lingua franca of the whole. The pagan population has been classified for See also:

PRACTICAL

practical purposes as See also:

Hill pagans and Plains pagans, Mounted pagans and See also:

FOOT

Foot pagans. The. Foot pagans of the plains were brought under the Fula yoke in the beginning of the 19th See also:

CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century and have never See also:

CAST (from the verb meaning " to throw "; the word is Scand. in origin, cf. Dan. kaste, and Swed. kasta; " cast " in Middle Eng. took the place of the A.S. weor pan, cf. Ger. werf en)

cast it off. The Hill pagans were partly conquered, but many remained See also:

INDEPENDENT

independent or have since succeeded in asserting their freedom. The Mounted pagans are confined to the healthy plateaus of the south-west corner of the province. They are independent and there is considerable variety in the characteristics of the different tribes.

The better types are See also:

hardy, orderly and agriculturally industrious. They are intelligent and have shown themselves peaceful and friendly to Europeans. Others are, on the contrary, disposed to be turbulent and warlike. Amongst the different tribes many are cannibals. They all go practically naked. They are essentially horsemen, and have a cruel See also:

HABIT (through the French from Lat. habitus, from habere, to have, hold, or, in a reflective sense, to be in a certain condition; in many of the English senses the French use habitude, not habit)

habit of gashing the backs of their ponies that they may get a See also:

GOOD, JOHN MASON (1764-1827)

good seat in the See also:

BLOOD

blood. They are armed with bows and arrows, but depend almost entirely in See also:

BATTLE

battle on the charges of their mounted spearmen. The native name " Bauchi," which is of See also:

GREAT

great antiquity, si-gnifics the " See also:

LAND

Land of Slaves," and from the earliest times the uplands which now form the principal portion of the province have been the See also:

HUNTING (the verbal substantive from " hunt "; O. Eng. huntian, hunta; apparently connected with O. Eng. hentan, Gothic hinpan, to capture, O.H.G. hunda,booty)

hunting ground of the slave--raider, while the hillfastnesses have offered defensible See also:

REFUGE

refuge to the population. So entirely was See also:

SLAVERY

slavery a habit of the people, that as See also:

LATE

late as 1905, after the slave-See also:

trade had been abolished for three years, it was found that, in consequence of a See also:

FAMINE (Lat. fames, hunger)

famine which rendered See also:

food difficult to obtain, a whole tribe (the Tangali) were selling themselves as slaves to their neighbours. See also:

CHILDREN, LAW RELATING TO

Children are readily sold by their parents at a See also:

price varying from the See also:

EQUIVALENT

equivalent of one See also:

SHILLING

shilling to one and sixpence. The province of Bauchi was conquered by the Fula at the beginning of the 19th century, and furnished them with a valuable slave preserve. But the more civilized portion had already, under enlightened native rulers, attained to a certain degree of prosperity and See also:

order.

Mahommedanism was partly adopted by the upper classes in the 18th century, if not earlier, and the son of a See also:

MAHOMMEDAN

Mahommedan native ruler, educated at See also:

SOKOTO

Sokoto, accepted the See also:

FLAG (or " FLAGGE," a common Teutonic word in this sense, but apparently first recorded in English)

flag of See also:

Dan Fodio and conquered the country for the Fula. The name of this remarkable soldier and See also:

LEADER, BENJAMIN WILLIAMS (1831– )

leader was Yakoba (See also:

Jacob). His See also:

FATHER

father's name was Daouad (See also:

David), and his See also:

GRAND

grand-father was Abdullah, all names which indicate Arab or Mahommedan See also:

INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence. The See also:

TOWN

town of Bauchi and See also:

capital of the province was founded by Yakoba in the See also:

YEAR

year 1809, and the emirate remained under Fula See also:

RULE

rule until the year 1902. In that year, in consequence of determined slave-raiding and the defiant See also:

MISRULE, LORD OF

misrule of the emir, a British expedition was sent against the capital, which submitted without fighting. The emir was deposed, and the country was brought under British See also:

CONTROL (Fr. contrdle, older form contre rolle, from Med. Lat. contra-rotulus, a counter roll or copy of a document used to check the original; there is no instance in English of the use of " control " in this, its literal, meaning)

control. A new emir was appointed, but he died within a few months. The slave-trade was immediately abolished, and the slave-See also:

MARKET (Lat. mercatus, trade or place of trade)

market which was held at Bauchi, as in all Fula centres, was closed. The Kano-Sokoto See also:

CAMPAIGN

campaign in 1903 rendered necessary a temporary withdrawal of the British See also:

RESIDENT

resident from Bauchi, and comparatively little progress was made until the following year. In 1904 the province was organized for See also:

ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration on the same See also:

SYSTEM

system as the See also:

REST (O. Eng. rest, reste, bed, cognate with other Teutonic forms, e.g. Ger. Rast, Riiste, rest, and probably Gothic Rasta, league, i.e. resting or stopping place)

rest of Northern Nigeria, and the reigning emir took the See also:

OATH (0. Eng. ddh)

oath of See also:

ALLEGIANCE (Mid. Eng. ligeaunce; med. Lat. ligeantia, &c.; the al- was probably added through confusion with another legal term, allegeance, an allegation; the Fr. allegeance comes from the English; the word is formed from " liege," of which the derivatio

allegiance to the British See also:

CROWN

crown. The province has been sub-divided into thirteen administrative districts, which again have been grouped into their principal divisions, with their respective British headquarters at Bauchi, Kanan and Bukuru. The Fula portion of this province, held like the other Hausa states under a feudal system of large landowners or See also:

FIEF

fief-holders, has been organized and assessed for See also:

taxation on the system accepted by the emirs throughout the protectorate, and the populations are working harmoniously under British rule.

Roads and telegraphs are in See also:

PROCESS

process of construction, and the province is being gradually opened to trade. Valuable indications of See also:

TIN (Lat.- stannum, whence the chemical symbol " Sn "; atomic weight =117.6, 0=16)

tin. have been found to the north of the Kibyen plateau, and have attracted the See also:

ATTENTION (from Lat. ad-tendo, await, expect; the condition of being " stretched " or " tense ")

attention of the See also:

Niger See also:

COMPANY

Company. Bauchi is a province of See also:

SPECIAL

special importance from the See also:

EUROPEAN

European point of view because, with See also:

FREE

free communication from the Benue assured, it is probable that on the Kibyen and Sura plateaus, which are the healthiest known in the protectorate, a See also:

SANATORIUM (a modern Latinism, formed from sanare, to cure, restore to health, sanus, whole, healthy, well; often wrongly spelled sanatarium or sanitarium)

sanatorium and station for a large See also:

CIVIL

civil population might'be established under conditions in which Europeans could live free from the evil effects of a West See also:

AFRICAN

African climate. The emirate of Gombe, which is included in the first See also:

DIVISION (from Lat. dividere, to break up into parts, separate)

division of the Bauchi province, is a Fula emirate independent of the emirs of Bauchi. It forms a See also:

rich and important district, and its chiefs held themselves in a somewhat sullen attitude of hostility to the British. It was at Burmi in this district that the last stand was made by the religious following of the defeated See also:

SULTAN (an Arabic word meaning " victorious " or " a ruler," sultat, dominion)

sultan of Sokoto, and here the sultan was finally overthrown and killed in See also:

JULY

July 1903. Gombe has now frankly accepted British rule. (F. L.

End of Article: BAUCHI

Additional information and Comments

There are no comments yet for this article.

» Add information or comments to this article.

Please link directly to this article:
Highlight the code below, right click, and select "copy." Then paste it into your website, email, or other HTML.

Site content, images, and layout Copyright © 2006 - Net Industries, worldwide.
Do not copy, download, transfer, or otherwise replicate the site content in whole or in part.

Links to articles and home page are always encouraged.

[back]
BAUBLE (probably a blend of two different words, an...

[next]
BAUDELAIRE, CHARLES PIERRE (1821-1867)