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CAPRIVI DE CAPRERA DE MONTECUCCOLI, G...

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Originally appearing in Volume V05, Page 292 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.

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CAPRIVI DE See also:

CAPRERA

CAPRERA DE MONTECUCCOLI, GEORG See also:
LEO
LEO (THE LION)
LEO, BROTHER (d. c. 1270)
LEO, HEINRICH (1799-1878)
LEO, JOHANNES (c. 1494-1552)
LEO, LEONARDO (1694–1744)
LEO VON, See also:
COUNT (Lat. comes, gen. comitis, Fr. comte, Ital. conte, Span. conde)
COUNT (1831-1899) , See also:

German soldier and statesman, was See also:

BORN, IGNAZ, EDLER VON (1742–1791)

born on the 24th of See also:

FEBRUARY

February 1831 at See also:

CHARLOTTENBURG

Charlottenburg. The See also:

FAMILY

family springs from See also:

CARNIOLA (Ger. Krain)

Carniola, and the name was originally written Kopriva; in the 18th See also:

CENTURY (from Lat. centuria, a division of a hundred men)

century one See also:

BRANCH (from the Fr. branche, late Lat. branca, an animal's paw)

branch settled in See also:

WERNIGERODE

Wernigerode, and several members entered the Prussian service; the See also:

FATHER

father of the See also:

CHANCELLOR (M. Eng. and Anglo-Fr. canceler, chanceler, Fr. chancelier, Lat. cancellarius)

chancellor held a high judicial See also:

POST

post, and was made a See also:

LIFE

life member of the Prussian See also:

House of Lords. Caprivi was educated in See also:

Berlin, and entered the See also:

army in 1849; he took See also:

PART

part in the See also:

CAMPAIGN

campaign of 1866, being attached to the See also:

STAFF (O. Eng. staef, cf. Du. staf, Ger. Stab, &c.; Icel. stafr meant also a written letter, and O. Eng. stafas, the letters of the alphabet; " stave," one of the thin pieces of wood of which a cask is made, is a doublet)

staff of the 1st army. In 1870 he served as See also:

CHIEF (from Fr. chef, head, Lat. caput)

chief of the staff to the loth army See also:

CORPS (pronounced as in French, from which it is taken, being a late spelling of tors, from Lat. corpus, a body; cf. " corpse ")

corps, which formed part of the 2nd army, and took part in the battles before See also:

METZ

Metz as well as in those See also:

ROUND (O. Fr. rond, Lat. rotundus, the Fr. is the source also of Du. rond; Ger., Swed., Dan. and Nor. rond)

round See also:

Orleans, in which he highly distinguished himself. One of the most delicate strategical problems of the whole See also:

war was the question of whether to See also:

CHANGE (derived through the Fr. from the Late Lat. cambium, cambiare, to barter; the ultimate derivation is probably from the root which appears in the Gr. «a urmu', to bend)

change the direction of the loth corps on the See also:

MORNING

morning of the 16th of See also:

AUGUST (originally Sextilis)

August before See also:

VIONVILLE

Vionville, and in this, as well as in theactual'manceuvres of the corps on that See also:

day, Caprivi, as representative of, and counsellor to, his chief, See also:

General v. Voigts-Rhetz, took a leading part. At the See also:

BATTLE

battle of See also:

BEAUNE

Beaune-la-Rolande, the turning-point of the Orleans campaign, the. loth corps See also:

BORE

bore the brunt of the fighting. After the See also:

peace he held several important military offices, and in 1883 was made chief of the See also:

ADMIRALTY, HIGH COURT OF

admiralty, in which post he had to command the See also:

FLEET

fleet and to organize and represent the See also:

DEPARTMENT (Fr. departement, from departir, to separate into parts)

department in the Reichstag. He resigned in 1888, when the command was separated from the See also:

REPRESENTATION

representation in See also:

PARLIAMENT (Anglo-Lat. parliamentum, Fr. parlement, from parler, to speak)

parliament, and was appointed See also:

COMMANDER

commander of the loth army corps. See also:

Bismarck had already referred to him as a possible successor to himself, for Caprivi had shown See also:

GREAT

great administrative ability, and was unconnected with any See also:

POLITICAL

political party; and in See also:

March 1890 he was appointed chancellor, Prussian See also:

MINISTER (Lat. minister, servant)

minister See also:

PRESIDENT (Fr. president, from Lat. praesidens, post-Augustan Lat. for praeses, director, ruler, from praesidere, to sit in front of, preside)

president and See also:

FOREIGN

foreign minister. He was quite unknown to the public, and the choice caused some surprise, but it was fully justified. The chief events of his See also:

ADMINISTRATION (Lat. administrare, to serve)

administration, which lasted for four years, are narrated elsewhere, in the See also:

ARTICLE (from Lat. articulus, a joint)

article on See also:

Germany.

He showed great ability in quickly mastering the business, with which he was hitherto quite unacquainted, as he himself acknowledged; his speeches in the Reichstag were admirably clear, dignified and to the point. His first achievement was the conclusion in See also:

JULY

July 1890 of a general agreement with Great See also:

BRITAIN (Gr. Hperavuml vi7vot, Bperravia; Lat. Britannia, rarely Britannia)

Britain regarding the See also:

SPHERES, MUSIC OF THE

spheres of See also:

INFLUENCE (Late Lat. influentia, from influere, to flow in)

influence of the two countries in , See also:

Africa. Bismarck had supported the colonial parties in Germany in pretensions to which it was impossible for Great Britain to give her consent, and the relations between the two See also:

POWERS, HIRAM (1805-1873)

powers were in consequence somewhat strained. Caprivi adopted a conciliatory attitude, and succeeded in negotiating terms with See also:

Lord See also:

Salisbury which gave to Germany all she could reasonably expect. But the See also:

ABANDONMENT (Fr. abandonnement, from abandonner, to abandon, relinquish; abandonner was originally equivalent to mettred banddn, to leave to the jurisdiction, i.e. of another, bandon being from Low Latin bandum, bannum, order, decree, " ban ")

abandonment of an aggressive policy in See also:

East Africa and in See also:

NIGERIA

Nigeria, and in the withdrawal of German claims to See also:

ZANZIBAR

Zanzibar (in See also:

EXCHANGE

exchange for See also:

HELIGOLAND (Ger. Helgoland)

Heligoland) aroused the hostility of the colonial parties, who bitterly attacked the new chancellor. Caprivi had, however, by making the frontiers of the See also:

CONGO

Congo See also:

FREE

Free See also:

State and German East Africa meet, " cut " the Cape to See also:

Cairo connexion of the See also:

BRITISH

British, an achievement which caused much dismay in British colonial circles, See also:

REGULAR

regular See also:

TREATIES

treaties having been obtained from native chiefs over large areas which the chancellor secured for Germany. In Nigeria also Caprivi by the 1890 agreement, and by another concluded in 1893, made an excellent bargain for his See also:

COUNTRY (from the Mid. Eng. contre or contrie, and O. Fr. cuntree; Late Lat. contrata, showing the derivation from contra, opposite, over against, thus the tract of land which fronts the sight, cf. Ger. Gegend, neighbourhood)

country, while in See also:

South-See also:

West Africa he obtained a See also:

long but narrow See also:

EXTENSION (Lat. ex, out ; tendere, to stretch)

extension eastward to the See also:

ZAMBEZI

Zambezi of the German See also:

PROTECTORATE

protectorate (this See also:

STRIP

strip of territory being known as " Caprivi's See also:

FINGER

Finger "). In his See also:

AFRICAN

African policy the chancellor proved far-sighted, and gained for the new protectorates a See also:

period for See also:

INTERNAL

internal development and consolidation. The Anglo-German agreement of 1890 was followed by commercial treaties with See also:

Austria, See also:

Rumania, &c.; by concluding them he earned the See also:

EXPRESS (through the French from the past participle of the Lat. exprimere, to press out, by transference used of representing objects in painting or sculpture, or of thoughts, &c. in words)

express See also:

COMMENDATION (from the Lat. commendare, to entrust to the charge of, or to procure a favour for)

commendation of the See also:

EMPEROR (Fr. empereur, from the Lat. imperator)

emperor and the See also:

TITLE (0. Fr. title, mod. titre, from Lat. titulus)

title of count, but he was from this See also:

time relentlessly attacked by the Agrarians, who made it a ground for their distrust that he was not himself a landed proprietor; and from this time he had to depend much on the support of the Liberals and other parties who had been formerly in opposition. The reorganization of the army caused a See also:

PARLIAMENTARY

parliamentary crisis, but he carried it through successfully, only, however, to See also:

EARN

earn the enmity of the more old-fashioned soldiers, who would not forgive him for shortening the period of service. His position was seriously compromised by the failure in 1892 to carry an See also:

EDUCATION

education See also:

BILL

bill which he had defended by saying that the question at issue was See also:

CHRISTIANITY

Christianity or See also:

ATHEISM (from Gr. as, privative, and Oebs, God)

Atheism, and he resigned the See also:

PRESIDENCY

presidency of the Prussian See also:

MINISTRY

ministry, which was then given to Count Eulenburg. In 1894, a difference arose between Eulenburg and Caprivi concerning the bill for an See also:

AMENDMENT (through the O. Fr. amender, to correct, from Lat. mendum, a fault)

amendment of the criminal See also:

CODE (Lat. codex)

code (the Umsturz Vorlage), and in See also:

OCTOBER

October the emperor dismissed both.

Caprivi's fall was probably the See also:

WORK

work of the Agrarians, but it was also due to the fact that, while he showed very high ability in conducting the business of the country, he made no See also:

ATTEMPT (Lat. adtemptare, attentare, to try)

attempt to secure his See also:

PERSONAL

personal position by forming a party either in parliament or at See also:

court. He interpreted his position rather as a soldier; he did his See also:

DUTY (from " due," that which is owing, O. Fr. deu, dil, past participle of devoir; Lat. debere, debitum; cf. " debt ")

duty, but did not think of defending himself. He suffered much from the attacks made on him by the followers of Bismarck, and he was closely associated with the social See also:

OSTRACISM

ostracism of that statesman; we do not know, however, in regard either to this or to the other events of his administration, to what extent Caprivi was really the author of the policy he carried out, and to what extent he was obeying the orders of the emperor. With a See also:

LOYALTY

loyalty which cannot be too highly praised, he always refused, even after his abrupt dismissal, to justify himself, and he could not be persuaded even to write See also:

MEMOIRS

memoirs for later publication. The last years of his life were spent in See also:

ABSOLUTE (Lat. absolvere, to loose, set free)

absolute retirement, for he could not return even to the military duties which he had See also:

LEFT

left with great reluctance at the orders of the emperor. He died unmarried on the 6th of February 1899, at the See also:

AGE (Fr. age, through late Lat. aetaticum, from aetas)

age of sixty-eight. See R. See also:

Arndt, See also:

Die Reden See also:

des Grafen v. Caprivi (Berlin, 1894), with a See also:

BIOGRAPHY (from the Gr. (3ios, life, and yp&4 , writing)

biography. (J. W.

End of Article: CAPRIVI DE CAPRERA DE MONTECUCCOLI, GEORG LEO VON, COUNT (1831-1899)

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