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COMBERMERE, STAPLETON COTTON

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Originally appearing in Volume V06, Page 751 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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COMBERMERE, STAPLETON See also:COTTON , 1st See also:VISCOUNT (1773–1865), See also:British See also:field-See also:marshal and See also:colonel of the 1st See also:Life See also:Guards, was the second son of See also:Sir See also:Robert Salusbury Cotton of Comber-See also:mere See also:Abbey, See also:Cheshire, and was See also:born on the 14th of See also:November 1773, at Llewenny See also:Hall in Denbighshire. He was educated at See also:Westminster School, and when only sixteen obtained a second lieutenancy in the 23rd See also:regiment (Royal Welsh Fusiliers). A few years afterwards (1793) he became by See also:purchase See also:captain in the 6th See also:Dragoon Guards, and he served in this regiment during the See also:campaigns of the See also:duke of See also:York in See also:Flanders. While yet in his twentieth See also:year, he joined the 25th See also:Light Dragoons (subsequently 22nd) as See also:lieutenant-colonel, and, while in attendance with his regiment on See also:George III. at See also:Weymouth, he became a See also:great favourite of the See also:king. In 1796 he went with his regiment to See also:India, taking See also:part en route in the operations in Cape See also:Colony (July–August 1796), and in 1799 served in the See also:war with Tippoo See also:Sahib, and at the storming of See also:Seringapatam. Soon after this, having become See also:heir to the See also:family baronetcy, he was, at his See also:father's See also:desire, exchanged into a regiment at See also:home, the ,6th Light Dragoons. He was stationed in See also:Ireland during See also:Emmett's insurrection, became colonel in 1800, and See also:major-See also:general five years later. From 18o6 to 1814 he was M.P. for See also:Newark. In 18o8 he was sent to the seat of war in See also:Portugal, where he shortly See also:rose to the position of See also:commander of See also:Wellington's See also:cavalry, and it was here that he most displayed that courage and See also:judgment which won for him his fame as a cavalry officer. He succeeded to the baronetcy in 1809, but continued his military career. His See also:share in the See also:battle of See also:Salamanca (22nd of See also:July 1812) was especially marked, and he received the See also:personal thanks of Wellington. The See also:day after, he was accidentally wounded.

He was now a lieutenant-general in the British See also:

army and a K.B., and on the conclusion of See also:peace (1814) was raised to the See also:peerage under the See also:style of See also:Baron Combermere. He was not See also:present at See also:Waterloo, the command, which he expected, and bitterly regretted not receiving, having been given to See also:Lord See also:Uxbridge. When the latter was wounded Cotton was sent for to take over his command, and he remained in See also:France until the reduction of the allied army of occupation. In 1817 he was appointed See also:governor of Barbadoes and commander of the See also:West See also:Indian forces. From 1822 to 1825 he commanded in Ireland. His career of active service was concluded in India (1826), where he besieged and took Bhurtpore—a fort which twenty-two years previously had defied the See also:genius of See also:Lake and was deemed impregnable. For this service he was created Viscount Combermere. A See also:long See also:period of peace and See also:honour still remained to him at home. In 1834 he was sworn a privy councillor, and in 1852 he succeeded Wellingtion as See also:constable of the See also:Tower and lord lieutenant of the Tower Hamlets. In 1855 he was made a field-marshal and G.C.B. He died at See also:Clifton on the 21st of See also:February 1865. An equestrian statue in See also:bronze, the See also:work of Baron See also:Marochetti, was raised in his honour at See also:Chester by the inhabitants of Cheshire.

Comber-mere was succeeded by his only son, Wellington See also:

Henry (1818-1891), and the viscountcy is still held by his descendants. See Viscountess Combermere and Captain W. W. See also:Knollys, The Combermere See also:Correspondence (See also:London, 1866).

End of Article: COMBERMERE, STAPLETON COTTON

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