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HOBOKEN

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Originally appearing in Volume V13, Page 553 of the 1911 Encyclopedia Britannica.
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HOBOKEN , a See also:

city of See also:Hudson See also:county, New See also:Jersey, U.S.A., on the Hudson See also:river, adjoining Jersey City on the S. and W. and opposite New See also:York city, with which it is connected by ferries and by two subway lines through tunnels under the river. Pop. (i''o) 43,648; (1900) 59,364, of whom 21,380 were See also:foreign-See also:born, 10,843 being natives of See also:Germany ; (1910 See also:census) 70,324. Of the See also:total See also:population in 1900, 48,349 had either one or both parents foreign-born, See also:German being the See also:principal racial See also:element. The city is served by the See also:West See also:Shore, and the See also:Delaware, Lackawanna & Western See also:railways, being the eastern See also:terminus of the latter, and is connected by electric railway with the neighbouring cities of See also:north-eastern New Jersey. In Hoboken are the piers of the North German See also:Lloyd, the See also:Hamburg See also:American, the Nether-lands American, the Scandinavian and the See also:Phoenix steamship lines. Hoboken occupies a little more than 1 sq. m. and lies near the See also:foot of the New Jersey Palisades, which rise both on the W. and N. to a height of nearly 200 It. Much of its See also:surface has had to be filled in to raise it above high See also:tide, but See also:Castle Point, in the N.E., rises from the generally See also:low level about 10o ft. On this Point are the See also:residence and private See also:estate of the founder of the city, See also:John See also:Stevens (1749–1838), Hudson See also:Park, and facing it the Stevens See also:Institute of Technology, an excellent school of See also:mechanical See also:engineering endowed by See also:Edwin A. Stevens (1795–1868), son of John Stevens, opened in 1871, and having in 1909–1910 34 instructors and 390 students. The institute owes much to its first See also:president, See also:Henry See also:Morton (1836–1902), a distinguished scientist, whose aim was " to offer a course of instruction in which theory and practice were carefully balanced and thoroughly combined," and who gave to the institute sums aggregating $175,000 (see Morten Memorial, See also:History of Stevens Institute, ed. by Furman, 1905). In connexion with the, institute there is a preparatory See also:department, the Stevens School (187o).

The city maintains a teachers' training school. Among the city's prominent buildings are the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western station, the Hoboken See also:

Academy (186o), founded by German Americans, and the public library. The city has an extensive See also:coal See also:trade and numerous manufactures, among which are See also:lead pencils, See also:leather goods, See also:silk goods, See also:wall-See also:paper and caskets. The value of the manufactured product increased from $7,151,391 in 1890 to $12,092,872 in 1900, or 69.1%. The factory product in 19o5 was valued at $14,077,305, an increase of 34•3% over that for 1900. The site of Hoboken (originally " Hobocanhackingh," the See also:place of the See also:tobacco See also:pipe) was occupied about 164o as a Dutch See also:farm, but in 1643 the stock and all the buildings except a brew-See also:house were destroyed by the See also:Indians. In 1711 See also:title to the place was acquired by See also:Samuel See also:Bayard, a New York See also:merchant, who built on Castle Point his summer residence. During the See also:War of See also:Independence his descendant, See also:William Bayard, was a loyalist, and his See also:home was burned and his estate confiscated. In 1784 the See also:property was See also:purchased by John Stevens, the inventor, who.in 1804 laid it out as a See also:town. For the next See also:thirty-five years its " Elysian See also:Fields " were a famous See also:pleasure resort of New York City. Hoboken was incorporated as a town in 1849 and as a city in 1855. On the 30th of See also:June woo the wharves of the North German Lloyd Steamship See also:Company and three of its ocean liners were almost completely destroyed by a See also:fire, which caused a loss of more than 200 lives and over $5,000,000.

HOBSON'S CHOICE, i.e. " this or nothing," an expression that arose from the fact that the See also:

Cambridge-See also:London See also:carrier, See also:Thomas Hobson (1544-1630), refused, when letting his horses on hire, to allow any See also:animal to leave the See also:stable out of its turn. Among other bequests made by Hobson, and commemorated by See also:Milton, was a conduit for the Cambridge See also:market-place, for which he provided the perpetual See also:maintenance. See Spectator, No. 509 (14th of See also:October 1712).

End of Article: HOBOKEN

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